Social Isolation, Social Support, and Loneliness Profiles Before and After Spousal Death and the Buffering Role of Financial Resources.
Social Isolation, Social Support, and Loneliness Profiles Before and After Spousal Death and the Buffering Role of Financial Resources.
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbac039
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发表时间：
2022-05-05
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Shields, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freak-Poli, Rosanne;Kung, Claryn S. J.;Ryan, Joanne;Shields, Michael A.
我们提供了关于老年寡妇在配偶死亡前后的社会孤立、社会支持和孤独状况的新证据。我们还研究了性别和财政资源对丧偶前后社会健康变化的调节作用。我们使用了澳大利亚家庭、收入和劳动力动态调查的 19 波数据，其中包括 749 名丧偶者和约 8,000 名已婚者的对照组。我们应用粗化的精确匹配权重并控制年龄和时间趋势。局部多项式平滑图显示了配偶死亡前 3 年至后 3 年的社会健康状况。所有分析均按性别分层。配偶死亡与女性和男性的孤独感增加密切相关，而且与不与死者同住的朋友和家人的互动也增加。对于男性来说，财务资源（收入和资产财富）可以在一定程度上防止孤独。配偶死亡与社会支持或参与社区活动的变化无关。我们证明，与社会孤立或缺乏社会支持相比，孤独是寡妇面临的更大挑战。我们的研究结果表明，仅注重增加社交互动的干预措施不太可能减轻配偶死亡后的孤独感。此外，降低正式社会参与成本的政策在解决孤独感方面可能效果有限，尤其是对女性而言。其他策略，例如帮助死者家属形成新的认同感，以及由医护人员筛查丧偶期间的孤独感，可能是有益的。
We provide new evidence on the profiles of social isolation, social support, and loneliness before and after spousal death for older widows. We also examine the moderating effects of gender and financial resources on changes in social health before and after widowhood. We use 19 waves of data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, including 749 widowed individuals and a comparison group of around 8,000 married individuals. We apply coarsened exact matching weights and control for age and time trends. Local polynomial smoothed plots show the profiles of social health from 3 years pre- to 3 years postspousal death. All analyses were stratified by gender. Spousal death was strongly associated with increased loneliness for women and men, but also an increase in interactions with friends and family not living with the bereaved. For men, financial resources (both income and asset wealth) provided some protection against loneliness. Spousal death was not associated with changes in social support or participation in community activities. We demonstrate that loneliness is a greater challenge of widowhood than social isolation or a lack of social support. Our findings suggest that interventions focusing only on increasing social interactions are unlikely to alleviate loneliness following spousal death. Moreover, policies that reduce the cost of formal social participation may have limited effectiveness in tackling loneliness, particularly for women. Alternative strategies, such as helping the bereaved form a new sense of identity and screening for loneliness around widowhood by health care workers, could be beneficial.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Hakulinen, Christian;Pulkki-Raback, Laura;Elovainio, Marko
通讯作者：
Elovainio, Marko
影响因子：
12.6
作者：
Holt-Lunstad, Julianne;Smith, Timothy B.;Stephenson, David
通讯作者：
Stephenson, David
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Gerst-Emerson, Kerstin;Jayawardhana, Jayani
通讯作者：
Jayawardhana, Jayani
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
CARSTENSEN, LL
通讯作者：
CARSTENSEN, LL
DOI：
10.1037/amp0000103
发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
The American psychologist
影响因子：
--
作者：
Holt-Lunstad J;Robles TF;Sbarra DA
通讯作者：
Sbarra DA