Enteric Glial Cells in Immunological Disorders of the Gut.

Enteric Glial Cells in Immunological Disorders of the Gut.
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DOI:
10.3389/fncel.2022.895871
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
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肠神经胶质细胞(Enteric glial cells, EGCs)是分布于胃肠道神经嵴谱系的主要细胞类型之一。EGCs是肠神经系统(ENS)的组成部分,其数量明显超过ENS神经元。研究表明,EGCs在支持ENS神经元的存活和功能方面发挥着重要作用。值得注意的是,最近的证据已经开始揭示EGCs可能具有多种免疫功能,从而可能参与肠道的免疫稳态。在这篇综述文章中,我们将总结目前支持EGCs可能参与几种重要免疫疾病的证据,包括炎症性肠病、乳糜泻和自身免疫性肠病。此外,我们强调了EGCs免疫学方面的关键问题,这些问题值得未来的研究关注。
Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are one of the major cell types of neural crest lineage distributed in the gastrointestinal tract. EGCs represent an integral part of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and significantly outnumber ENS neurons. Studies have suggested that EGCs would exert essential roles in supporting the survival and functions of the ENS neurons. Notably, recent evidence has begun to reveal that EGCs could possess multiple immune functions and thereby may participate in the immune homeostasis of the gut. In this review article, we will summarize the current evidence supporting the potential involvement of EGCs in several important immunological disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and autoimmune enteropathy. Further, we highlight critical questions on the immunological aspects of EGCs that warrant future research attention.
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