Single-Cell Characterization of Viral Translation-Competent Reservoirs in HIV-Infected Individuals.

Single-Cell Characterization of Viral Translation-Competent Reservoirs in HIV-Infected Individuals.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chom.2016.07.015
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发表时间:
2016-09-14
影响因子:
30.3
通讯作者:
Kaufmann DE
Kaufmann DE
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baxter AE;Niessl J;Fromentin R;Richard J;Porichis F;Charlebois R;Massanella M;Brassard N;Alsahafi N;Delgado GG;Routy JP;Walker BD;Finzi A;Chomont N;Kaufmann DE

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HIV cure efforts are hampered by limited characterization of the cells supporting HIV replication in vivo and inadequate methods for quantifying the latent viral reservoir in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. We combine fluorescent in situ RNA hybridization with detection of HIV protein and flow cytometry, enabling detection of 0.5–1 gag-pol mRNA+/Gag protein+ infected cells per million. In the peripheral blood of untreated persons, active HIV replication correlated with viremia, and occurred in CD4 T cells expressing T follicular helper cell markers and inhibitory co-receptors. In virally-suppressed subjects, the approach identified latently infected cells capable of producing HIV mRNA and protein after stimulation with PMA/ionomycin and latency-reversing agents (LRAs). While ingenol-induced reactivation mirrored the effector and central/transitional memory CD4 T cell contribution to the pool of integrated HIV DNA, bryostatin-induced reactivation occurred predominantly in cells expressing effector memory markers. This indicates that CD4 T cell differentiation status differentially affects LRA effectiveness. Technological limitations hamper characterization of CD4 T cells supporting ongoing HIV infection and quantification of the latent reservoir. Baxter, et al. use simultaneous detection of viral protein and mRNA to quantify and phenotype both the ongoing infection during viremia and the translation-competent inducible reservoir in virally-supressed, treated patients.
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