What Have We Learned from the Land Sparing-sharing Model?
What Have We Learned from the Land Sparing-sharing Model?
复制标题
我们从土地节约共享模式中学到了什么？
作者：
B. Phalan
土地节约共享模型为理解农业景观支持野生物种的潜力提供了一个强有力的启发式和分析框架。然而，它在概念和分析方面的优势和局限性仍然受到广泛质疑或误解。在这里，我回顾了什么推论可以和不可以从框架中得出，并讨论了八个具体的争论和混乱点。土地节约-共享框架的基础是一种旨在最大限度地减少对非人类物种伤害的伦理。它被用来量化不同物种的良田，与适当的参考土地使用有关，以及机会成本。使用该模型的实证研究结果表明，如果在尽可能小的面积上生产食物，同时尽可能保留大面积的原生植被，大多数物种将拥有更大的种群。土地共享或中间战略对野生物种的潜在好处较为有限。我回顾了关于分析范围的分歧（参见食品生产）。这些问题包括：粮食安全问题、高产农田对野生动物的价值、Borlaug假说的相关性、规模和异质性、促进人类与自然的联系、在严重改变的景观中节约土地的前景、节约土地在改善连通性方面的作用以及该模型的政治含义。结合社会、政治和经济研究的见解，该模型可以帮助我们了解有关土地利用的决策将如何影响未来野生物种种群的持续性。
The land sparing-sharing model provides a powerful heuristic and analytical framework for understanding the potential of agricultural landscapes to support wild species. However, its conceptual and analytical strengths and limitations remain widely contested or misunderstood. Here, I review what inferences can and cannot be derived from the framework, and discuss eight specific points of contention and confusion. The land sparing-sharing framework is underpinned by an ethic that seeks to minimise harm to non-human species. It is used to quantify how good farmland is for different species, in relation to appropriate reference land uses, and at what opportunity cost. The results of empirical studies that have used the model indicate that most species will have larger populations if food is produced on as small an area as possible, while sparing as large an area of native vegetation as possible. The potential benefits of land sharing or intermediate strategies for wild species are more limited. I review disagreements about the scope of analysis (food production cf. food security), the value of high-yield farmland for wildlife, the (ir)relevance of the Borlaug hypothesis, scale and heterogeneity, fostering human connections to nature, the prospects for land sparing in heavily-modified landscapes, the role of land sparing in improving connectivity, and the political implications of the model. Interpreted alongside insights from social, political and economic studies, the model can help us to understand how decisions about land-use will affect the persistence of wild species populations into the future.
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Lamb, Anthony;Green, Rhys;Balmford, Andrew
通讯作者：
Balmford, Andrew
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0905455107
发表时间：
2010-03-30
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Perfecto, Ivette;Vandermeer, John
通讯作者：
Vandermeer, John
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Hodgson, Jenny A.;Moilanen, Atte;Thomas, Chris D.
通讯作者：
Thomas, Chris D.