Soil CO2 efflux, carbon dynamics, and change in thermal conditions from contrasting clear-cut sites during natural restoration and uncut larch forests in northeastern China
Soil CO2 efflux, carbon dynamics, and change in thermal conditions from contrasting clear-cut sites during natural restoration and uncut larch forests in northeastern China
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中国东北自然恢复期间砍伐场地与未砍伐落叶松林对比的土壤二氧化碳流出、碳动态和热条件变化
DOI：
10.1007/s10584-009-9601-7
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发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Koike, Takayoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cui, Song;Zu, Yuan-Gang;Wang, Wen-Jie;Liu, Wei;Wang, Hui-Mei;Koike, Takayoshi
随着1998年中国天然林保护计划（NFCP）的实施，中国东北地区数百万公顷的森林通过自然恢复（封山育林）得到保护。该项目对土壤碳收支的影响至今尚未得到评估。本文介绍了一个6年的研究结果，从土壤和凋落物的总CO2流出（Rtotal），从土壤中的CO2通量（Rsoil），土壤有机质（SOM），土壤微生物密度，凋落物输入和根生物量在未切割落叶松（落叶松）林和自然恢复现场。自然恢复区是一个明确的网站，以前是一个连续的部分未砍伐的落叶松林的一部分。我们的目标是：（1）定量分析东北典型样地的CO2排放量;（2）探讨6 a自然恢复过程中热条件、有机质和CO2年通量的变化;（3）评价退耕还林对土壤碳过程的影响。采伐迹地的年Rsoil（58.6-68.2 mol m − 2 year − 1）比未采伐地（29.6-58.4 mol m − 2 year − 1）高113.6-228.4%（平均141.5%）。同时，皆伐地凋落物的年CO2（2.0-14.2 mol m − 2年− 1）仅为未伐落叶松地（5.4-16.8 mol m − 2年− 1）的23.5-84.5%（平均52.5%）。采伐迹地表层土壤有机质是未采伐迹地的75%，但土壤微生物生物量（碳）显著高于未采伐迹地（p0.05）。细菌、真菌和放线菌的百分比在两个地点之间也有很大差异。在皆伐现场的自然恢复强烈影响热条件。尽管皆伐迹地土壤温度（Tsoil）和有效累积T_{\rmsoil} 0^{\circ}$C显著高于未伐迹地，但温度敏感性（Q10）显著低于未伐迹地，且二者的差异在2001 - 2006年间呈线性减小（p0.05）。此外，随着自然恢复的进展，皆伐地的Q10显著增加，这减小了两个地点之间的Q10差异（斜率=-0.2792，r2 = 0.4744，p 0.05）。这些数据意味着，NFCP的自然恢复过程中，已积极恢复的热条件的皆伐网站的水平，未砍伐的落叶松林在6年的时间。然而，线性回归分析表明，6年的自然恢复只有轻微的影响，每年的土壤CO2排放量和有机质在两个网站，也没有减少两个网站之间的差异（p 0.10），表明一个更长的时间是必要的，以恢复在皆伐网站的土壤碳。
With the implementation of the Chinese Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) in 1998, over millions of hectares of forest in northeastern China have been protected through natural restoration (closure of hills). The impact of this program on the carbon budget of soil has not been evaluated until now. This paper presents results from a 6-year study of total CO2 efflux from both soil and litter (Rtotal), CO2 flux from soil (Rsoil), soil organic matter (SOM), soil microbe density, and litter input and root biomass at an uncut larch (Larix gmelinii) forest and at a natural restoration site. The natural restoration area is a clear-cut site that was formerly part of a continuous portion of the uncut larch forest. Our objectives were to: (1) quantify the magnitude of CO2 efflux from typical sites in northeastern China; (2) explore the changes in thermal conditions, SOM, and annual CO2 flux during the 6-year natural restoration, and (3) evaluate the impact of NFCP on soil carbon processes. The annual Rsoil at the clear-cut site (58.6–68.2 mol m − 2 year − 1) was 113.6–228.4% (mean 141.5%) higher than that at the uncut larch site (29.6–58.4 mol m − 2 year − 1). At the same time, annual CO2 from litter at the clear-cut site (2.0–14.2 mol m − 2 year − 1) was only 23.5–84.5% (mean 52.5%) of that at the uncut larch site (5.4–16.8 mol m − 2 year − 1). SOM at the surface layer of the clear-cut site was 75% of that at the uncut larch site, but the soil microbial biomass (carbon) at the clear-cut site was much higher than that at the larch site (p < 0.05). The percentage of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes also were largely different between both sites. Natural restoration at the clear-cut site strongly affected thermal conditions. Although the soil temperature (Tsoil) and effective accumulated $T_{\rm soil} > 0^{\circ}$C at the clear-cut site was much higher, the temperature sensitivity (Q10) was much lower than that at the uncut larch site, and their differences decreased linearly from 2001 to 2006 (p < 0.05). Moreover, Q10 at the clear-cut site significantly increased with the progress of natural restoration, which diminished the Q10 difference between the two sites (slope = − 0.2792, r2 = 0.4744, p < 0.05). These data imply that the NFCP natural restoration process has positively recovered the thermal condition of the clear-cut site to the level of uncut larch forest during the 6-year period. However, linear regression analysis showed that the 6-year natural restoration only slightly affected the annual soil CO2 efflux and SOM at both sites, and also did not diminish the differences between the two sites (p > 0.10), indicating that a much longer time is necessary to restore the soil carbon in the clear-cut site.
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影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Rey, A;Pegoraro, E;Valentini, R
通讯作者：
Valentini, R
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Mingjun Xu;Ye Qi;Peng Gong
通讯作者：
Mingjun Xu;Ye Qi;Peng Gong
DOI：
10.2136/sssaj1999.03615995006300030029x
发表时间：
1999-05
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
A. Londo;M. G. Messina;S. Schoenholtz
通讯作者：
A. Londo;M. G. Messina;S. Schoenholtz
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
BOWDEN, RD;NADELHOFFER, KJ;GARRISON, JB
通讯作者：
GARRISON, JB
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Yuguang Zhang;Xiaoquan Zhang;Xue-duan Liu;Ye Xiao;Liangjian Qu;Liyou Wu;Jizhong Zhou
通讯作者：
Yuguang Zhang;Xiaoquan Zhang;Xue-duan Liu;Ye Xiao;Liangjian Qu;Liyou Wu;Jizhong Zhou