Second-order refinements for t-ratios with many instruments

Second-order refinements for t-ratios with many instruments
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使用多种仪器对 t 比进行二阶细化

DOI:
10.1016/j.jeconom.2021.07.006
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
Y. and T. Otsu
Y. and T. Otsu
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Matsushita;Y. and T. Otsu

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本文研究了基于有限信息最大似然的多工具稳健 t 比的二阶特性,以及多工具渐进条件下具有同方差误差的工具变量回归模型的 Fuller 估计量,其中工具数量可能随样本大小 n 成比例增加,并提出对 t 比的二阶细化,以改善大小和功效特性。基于在许多工具渐近下导出的 t 比率的零分布和非零分布的渐近展开式,我们表明这些展开式的二阶项可能对大小和幂属性产生重要影响。此外,我们提出了调整后的 t 比,其零拒绝概率的近似误差为 O (n− 1) 量级,而未调整的 t 比的近似误差为 O (n− 1/2) 量级,并表明这些调整在局部最大值方面产生了一些理想的功效特性。尽管这些结果是在同方差误差下得出的,但我们还建立了异方差鲁棒 t 比的随机展开,并提出在同方差的轻微偏差下进行类似的调整。
This paper studies second-order properties of the many instruments robust t-ratios based on the limited information maximum likelihood and Fuller estimators for instrumental variable regression models with homoskedastic errors under the many instruments asymptotics, where the number of instruments may increase proportionally with the sample size n, and proposes second-order refinements to the t-ratios to improve the size and power properties. Based on asymptotic expansions of the null and non-null distributions of the t-ratios derived under the many instruments asymptotics, we show that the second-order terms of those expansions may have non-trivial impacts on the size as well as the power properties. Furthermore, we propose adjusted t-ratios whose approximation errors for the null rejection probabilities are of order O (n− 1) in contrast to the ones for the unadjusted t-ratios of order O (n− 1/2), and show that these adjustments induce some desirable power properties in terms of the local maximinity. Although these results are derived under homoskedastic errors, we also establish a stochastic expansion for a heteroskedasticity robust t-ratio, and propose an analogous adjustment under slight deviations from homoskedasticity.
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