Long-term function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife former athletes: a scoping review.
Long-term function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife former athletes: a scoping review.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001605
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
虽然运动医学传统上专注于从伤病中恢复并在受伤后安全地让运动员重返运动场，但人们对运动员的长期健康越来越感兴趣。本范围审查的目的是（1）总结中年（40-65岁）前竞技运动员与非运动员对照组相比的身体功能、身体成分和心脏代谢健康的文献（方法和结果），（2）确定未来运动员长期健康研究的领域，（3）确定可在未来系统性综述中评价的结局。我们检索了PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus，以寻找2000年至2022年间发表的研究，这些研究使用MeSH术语评估了前运动员和对照组的身体功能、身体成分和/或心脏代谢指标。我们确定了20篇符合我们标准的文章。不同研究的结局差异很大，其中大多数是横断面研究，仅对男性进行评价。有限的数据表明，前耐力运动员比对照组有更瘦的身体成分，更高的有氧能力和更好的心脏代谢指标;保持较高体力活动（即自我报告的运动）的前运动员比那些不健康的人更健康;前团队运动员，谁有更高的受伤率，可能比在大学里娱乐活动的对照组功能表现较差。研究很少评估功能表现，没有控制先前的损伤或饮食，很少评估当前的体力活动水平。未来的研究应包括女性和评估性别差异，控制先前的运动相关损伤，量化身体活动，使用标准化的结果测量，包括基于性能的功能评估，并纳入纵向设计。
While sports medicine has traditionally focused on recovering from injury and returning athletes to sport safely after injury, there is a growing interest in the long-term health of athletes. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) summarise the literature (methodologies and findings) on physical function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife (age 40–65 years) former competitive athletes compared with non-athlete controls, (2) identify areas for future study in long-term health in athletes and (3) determine outcomes that could be evaluated in a future systematic review(s). We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus for studies published between 2000 and 2022 evaluating former athletes and controls on physical function, body composition and/or cardiometabolic measures using MeSH terms. We identified 20 articles that met our criteria. Outcomes varied considerably across studies, most of which were cross-sectional and evaluated only males. Limited data suggest that former endurance athletes have leaner body compositions, higher aerobic capacity and better cardiometabolic indicators than controls; former athletes who maintain higher physical activity (ie, self-reported exercise) are healthier than those who do not; and former team sport athletes, who have higher injury prevalence, may have poorer functional performance than controls who were recreationally active in college. Studies rarely evaluated functional performance, did not control for prior injury or diet and seldom assessed current physical activity levels. Future research should include females and evaluate sex differences, control for prior sports-related injury(ies), quantify physical activity, use standardised outcome measures including performance-based functional assessments and incorporate longitudinal designs.
影响因子：
18.4
作者：
Grashow, Rachel;Shaffer-Pancyzk, Taylor Valencia;Dairi, Inana;Lee, Hang;Marengi, Dean;Baker, Jillian;Weisskopf, Marc G.;Speizer, Frank E.;Whittington, Alicia J.;Taylor, Herman A.;Keating, Dylan;Tenforde, Adam;Guseh, James Sawalla;Wasfy, Meagan M.;Zafonte, Ross;Baggish, Aaron
通讯作者：
Baggish, Aaron