PGC-1alpha down-regulation affects the antioxidant response in Friedreich's ataxia.

PGC-1alpha down-regulation affects the antioxidant response in Friedreich's ataxia.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0010025
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发表时间:
2010-04-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Pandolfo M
Pandolfo M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marmolino D;Manto M;Acquaviva F;Vergara P;Ravella A;Monticelli A;Pandolfo M

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弗里德赖希共济失调 (FRDA) 患者的细胞表现出抗氧化酶活性降低,并且在暴露于氧化应激时无法上调其表达。这种减弱的抗氧化反应可能在发病机制中发挥着核心作用。我们之前报道过过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ (PPARγ) 辅激活因子 1-α (PGC-1α) 是线粒体生物合成和抗氧化反应的转录主调节因子,在 FRDA 患者和动物模型的大多数细胞类型中表达下调。我们使用 FRDA 患者的原代成纤维细胞和该疾病的敲入敲除动物模型(KIKO 小鼠)来测定基础超氧化物歧化酶 2 (SOD2) 水平以及对添加过氧化氢诱导的氧化应激的反应。我们在 PGC-1α 药物刺激后测量了相同的参数。与对照细胞相比,FRDA 细胞中的 PGC-1α 和 SOD2 水平降低,并且在添加过氧化氢后没有变化。在对照成纤维细胞中使用 siRNA 直接沉默 PGC-1α 会导致 SOD2 对氧化应激的反应丧失,与在 FRDA 成纤维细胞中观察到的情况类似。使用 PPARγ 激动剂(吡格列酮)或 cAMP 依赖性蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 激动剂 (AICAR) 激活 PGC-1α 可恢复正常的 SOD2 诱导。用吡格列酮治疗 KIKO 小鼠后,小脑和脊髓中的 SOD2 显着上调。 PGC-1α 下调可能导致 FRDA 患者细胞中观察到的抗氧化反应减弱。 AMPK 和 PPARγ 激动剂可以恢复这种反应,这表明 FRDA 是一种潜在的治疗方法。
Cells from individuals with Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) show reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes and cannot up-regulate their expression when exposed to oxidative stress. This blunted antioxidant response may play a central role in the pathogenesis. We previously reported that Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) Coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), a transcriptional master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant responses, is down-regulated in most cell types from FRDA patients and animal models. We used primary fibroblasts from FRDA patients and the knock in-knock out animal model for the disease (KIKO mouse) to determine basal superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) levels and the response to oxidative stress induced by the addition of hydrogen peroxide. We measured the same parameters after pharmacological stimulation of PGC-1α. Compared to control cells, PGC-1α and SOD2 levels were decreased in FRDA cells and did not change after addition of hydrogen peroxide. PGC-1α direct silencing with siRNA in control fibroblasts led to a similar loss of SOD2 response to oxidative stress as observed in FRDA fibroblasts. PGC-1α activation with the PPARγ agonist (Pioglitazone) or with a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) agonist (AICAR) restored normal SOD2 induction. Treatment of the KIKO mice with Pioglitazone significantly up-regulates SOD2 in cerebellum and spinal cord. PGC-1α down-regulation is likely to contribute to the blunted antioxidant response observed in cells from FRDA patients. This response can be restored by AMPK and PPARγ agonists, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for FRDA.
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