Tracing explosives in soil with transcriptional regulators of Pseudomonas putida evolved for responding to nitrotoluenes.

Tracing explosives in soil with transcriptional regulators of Pseudomonas putida evolved for responding to nitrotoluenes.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1751-7915.2008.00027.x
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发表时间:
2008-05
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
de Lorenzo V
de Lorenzo V
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garmendia J;de las Heras A;Galvão TC;de Lorenzo V

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尽管人们已经采用了不同的生物学方法来检测杀伤人员地雷和其他未爆炸弹药(UXO),但迄今为止,这些方法都没有在科学文献中得到严格记录。通常用于矿山制造的工业 2,4,6 三硝基甲苯 (TNT) 始终受到少量但显着比例的较易挥发的 2,4 二硝基甲苯 (2,4 DNT) 和其他硝基芳香族化合物的污染。通过使用易突变的 PCR 和 DNA 序列改组,我们在体外进化并选择了土壤细菌恶臭假单胞菌的甲苯响应 XylR 调节因子的效应器识别结构域的体内变体,该调节器对单硝基、双硝基和三硝基取代的甲苯做出反应。在恶臭假单胞菌中重新引入此类变体,确定了同源启动子(Po 和 Pu)的转录活性随培养基中硝基甲苯的存在而变化。当将带有光学输出(luxAB、GFP)的报告基因转录融合的菌株铺在用硝基甲苯点样的土壤上时,启动子激活触发的信号允许目标化合物在土壤表面上定位。我们的数据提供了一个概念证明,即可以在土壤细菌中对进化来响应硝基芳香族化合物的非天然转录因子进行改造,并将其接种到目标位置以查明爆炸物的存在。因此,这种方法为解决这一巨大的人道主义问题开辟了新的途径。
Although different biological approaches for detection of anti‐personnel mines and other unexploded ordnance (UXO) have been entertained, none of them has been rigorously documented thus far in the scientific literature. The industrial 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene (TNT) habitually employed in the manufacturing of mines is at all times tainted with a small but significant proportion of the more volatile 2,4 dinitrotoluene (2,4 DNT) and other nitroaromatic compounds. By using mutation‐prone PCR and DNA sequence shuffling we have evolved in vitro and selected in vivo variants of the effector recognition domain of the toluene‐responsive XylR regulator of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida that responds to mono‐, bi‐ and trinitro substituted toluenes. Re‐introduction of such variants in P. putida settled the transcriptional activity of the cognate promoters (Po and Pu) as a function of the presence of nitrotoluenes in the medium. When strains bearing transcriptional fusions to reporters with an optical output (luxAB, GFP) were spread on soil spotted with nitrotoluenes, the signal triggered by promoter activation allowed localization of the target compounds on the soil surface. Our data provide a proof of concept that non‐natural transcription factors evolved to respond to nitroaromatics can be engineered in soil bacteria and inoculated on a target site to pinpoint the presence of explosives. This approach thus opens new ways to tackle this gigantic humanitarian problem.
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.345873.x
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