MAGE-A Cancer/Testis Antigens Inhibit MDM2 Ubiquitylation Function and Promote Increased Levels of MDM4.

MAGE-A Cancer/Testis Antigens Inhibit MDM2 Ubiquitylation Function and Promote Increased Levels of MDM4.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0127713
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Meek DW
Meek DW
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marcar L;Ihrig B;Hourihan J;Bray SE;Quinlan PR;Jordan LB;Thompson AM;Hupp TR;Meek DW

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黑色素瘤抗原 A (MAGE-A) 蛋白包含结构和生化相似的癌症/睾丸抗原亚家族,该亚家族在许多癌症类型中表达,并被认为对恶性肿瘤有积极作用。 MAGE-A 蛋白是某些癌症相关转录因子(包括 p53)的既定调节剂,并且是多种环指依赖性泛素 E3 连接酶的激活剂。在这里,我们发现 MAGE-A2 与 MDM2 相关,MDM2 是一种泛素 E3 连接酶,介导 20 多种底物的泛素化,主要包括 p53、MDM2 本身和 MDM4,MDM4 是一种有效的 p53 抑制剂和与 MDM2 结构相关的 MDM2 伴侣。我们发现 MAGE-A2 通过 N 端 p53 结合袋和 MDM2 的环指结构域与 MDM2 相互作用,这是同源/异源二聚化和 E2 连接酶相互作用所必需的。与这些数据一致,我们表明 MAGE-A2 是 MDM2 E3 泛素连接酶活性的有效抑制剂,但它对 MDM2 介导的 p53 转换没有任何显着影响。然而,引人注目的是,MAGE-A2 表达增加会导致泛素化减少和 MDM4 水平增加。类似地,内源性 MAGE-A 表达的沉默会以蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米可以挽救的方式降低 MDM4 水平,并允许增加 MDM2/MDM4 关联。这些数据表明 MAGE-A 蛋白可以: (i) 解偶联 MDM2 的泛素连接酶和降解功能; (ii) 作为 E3 连接酶功能的有效抑制剂; (iii) 规范 MDM4 的营业额。我们还发现原发性乳腺癌中 MAGE-A 的存在与 MDM4 水平升高之间存在关联,这表明 MAGE-A 依赖性的 MDM4 水平控制与临床癌症相关。
Melanoma antigen A (MAGE-A) proteins comprise a structurally and biochemically similar sub-family of Cancer/Testis antigens that are expressed in many cancer types and are thought to contribute actively to malignancy. MAGE-A proteins are established regulators of certain cancer-associated transcription factors, including p53, and are activators of several RING finger-dependent ubiquitin E3 ligases. Here, we show that MAGE-A2 associates with MDM2, a ubiquitin E3 ligase that mediates ubiquitylation of more than 20 substrates including mainly p53, MDM2 itself, and MDM4, a potent p53 inhibitor and MDM2 partner that is structurally related to MDM2. We find that MAGE-A2 interacts with MDM2 via the N-terminal p53-binding pocket and the RING finger domain of MDM2 that is required for homo/hetero-dimerization and for E2 ligase interaction. Consistent with these data, we show that MAGE-A2 is a potent inhibitor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of MDM2, yet it does not have any significant effect on p53 turnover mediated by MDM2. Strikingly, however, increased MAGE-A2 expression leads to reduced ubiquitylation and increased levels of MDM4. Similarly, silencing of endogenous MAGE-A expression diminishes MDM4 levels in a manner that can be rescued by the proteasomal inhibitor, bortezomid, and permits increased MDM2/MDM4 association. These data suggest that MAGE-A proteins can: (i) uncouple the ubiquitin ligase and degradation functions of MDM2; (ii) act as potent inhibitors of E3 ligase function; and (iii) regulate the turnover of MDM4. We also find an association between the presence of MAGE-A and increased MDM4 levels in primary breast cancer, suggesting that MAGE-A-dependent control of MDM4 levels has relevance to cancer clinically.
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