Offspring Educational Attainment and Older Parents' Cognition in Mexico.
Offspring Educational Attainment and Older Parents' Cognition in Mexico.
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DOI：
10.1215/00703370-8931725
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Sheehan C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma M;Yahirun J;Saenz J;Sheehan C
老年认知健康方面的人口水平差异表明家庭资源的重要性。虽然之前的大部分工作都建立了资源从父母到后代的定向流动，但“联系生活”的观点提出了后代资源如何影响父母健康的问题。本文研究了墨西哥成年子女的教育是否会影响年龄较大的父母（50岁以上）的认知健康，在墨西哥，学校改革为近期出生队列的教育成就取得了重大进展做出了贡献。利用义务教育法的变化和应用工具变量方法，我们发现，每一年的子女学校教育与父母更高的整体认知相关，但在不同的认知功能领域的预测性较差。更多的子女学校教育提高了父母在语言学习、语言流畅性和定向方面的认知能力，但在视觉扫描、视觉空间能力或视觉记忆方面没有提高。与父亲相比，子女受教育对这些认知领域的有益影响对母亲来说更为显著，这表明子女受教育的影响可能存在性别差异。对于亲子接触和地理邻近的控制，结果仍然是稳健的，这表明后代教育可以通过其他途径影响父母的健康，并为未来的研究提供了途径。我们的发现有助于越来越多的研究强调家庭教育程度对人口健康的因果影响。
Population-level disparities in later-life cognitive health point to the importance of family resources. Although the bulk of prior work establishes the directional flow of resources from parents to offspring, the “linked lives” perspective raises the question of how offspring resources could affect parental health as well. This paper examines whether adult children’s education influences older parents’ (aged 50+) cognitive health in Mexico, where schooling reforms have contributed to significant gains in the educational achievements of recent birth cohorts. Harnessing a change in compulsory school laws and applying an instrumental variables approach, we found that each year of offspring schooling was associated with higher overall cognition among parents, but was less predictive across different cognitive functioning domains. More offspring schooling improved parents’ cognitive abilities in verbal learning, verbal fluency, and orientation, but not in visual scanning, visuo-spatial ability, or visual memory. The beneficial effects of offspring schooling on those cognitive domains are more salient for mothers compared to fathers, suggesting potential gendered effects in the influence of offspring schooling. The results remained robust to controls for parent-child contact and geographic proximity, suggesting other avenues through which offspring education could affect parental health and a pathway for future research. Our findings contribute to growing research which stresses the causal influence of familial educational attainment on population health.
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