The epidemiology of lead toxicity in adults: measuring dose and consideration of other methodologic issues.
The epidemiology of lead toxicity in adults: measuring dose and consideration of other methodologic issues.
复制标题
成人铅毒性的流行病学:测量剂量和考虑其他方法论问题。
DOI:
10.1289/ehp.9783
复制
发表时间:
2007-03
影响因子:
10.4
通讯作者:
Schwartz, Brian S.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hu, Howard;Shih, Regina;Rothenberg, Stephen;Schwartz, Brian S.
We review several issues of broad relevance to the interpretation of epidemiologic evidence concerning the toxicity of lead in adults, particularly regarding cognitive function and the cardiovascular system, which are the subjects of two systematic reviews that are also part of this mini-monograph. Chief among the recent developments in methodologic advances has been the refinement of concepts and methods for measuring individual lead dose in terms of appreciating distinctions between recent versus cumulative doses and the use of biological markers to measure these parameters in epidemiologic studies of chronic disease. Attention is focused particularly on bone lead levels measured by K-shell X-ray fluorescence as a relatively new biological marker of cumulative dose that has been used in many recent epidemiologic studies to generate insights into lead’s impact on cognition and risk of hypertension, as well as the alternative method of estimating cumulative dose using available repeated measures of blood lead to calculate an individual’s cumulative blood lead index. We review the relevance and interpretation of these lead biomarkers in the context of the toxico-kinetics of lead. In addition, we also discuss methodologic challenges that arise in studies of occupationally and environmentally exposed subjects and those concerning race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status and other important covariates.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI:
10.1007/bf01928273
发表时间:
1972-01-01
期刊:
EXPERIENTIA
影响因子:
--
作者:
BARLTROP, D;SMITH, A
通讯作者:
SMITH, A
影响因子:
3.9
作者:
CHURCH, HJ;DAY, JP;BROWN, SS
通讯作者:
BROWN, SS
影响因子:
5
作者:
Elreedy, S;Krieger, N;Hu, H
通讯作者:
Hu, H
影响因子:
158.5
作者:
Canfield, RL;Henderson, CR;Lanphear, BP
通讯作者:
Lanphear, BP
影响因子:
4.9
作者:
BALBUSKORNFELD, JM;STEWART, W;SCHWARTZ, BS
通讯作者:
SCHWARTZ, BS