Understanding language and cognitive deficits in very low birth weight children.

Understanding language and cognitive deficits in very low birth weight children.
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了解极低出生体重儿童的语言和认知缺陷。

DOI:
10.1002/dev.20278
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Benasich,AprilA
Benasich,AprilA
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ortiz-Mantilla,Silvia;Choudhury,Naseem;Leevers,Hilary;Benasich,AprilA

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极低出生体重儿认知和语言发育迟缓的风险要高得多,但这种缺陷的性质尚不清楚。鉴于早产率和极低出生体重儿的出生率不断增加,研究导致发育不良的机制至关重要。我们调查了极低出生体重儿和正常出生体重儿的语言和认知能力,以确定表现差异是由于整体认知能力较差还是由于特定处理能力的缺陷。32名极低出生体重儿和32名正常出生体重儿接受了视觉和听觉-视觉习惯性识别-记忆任务,以及标准化的语言和认知评估。极低出生体重儿在视觉和听觉-视觉习惯性任务上表现更差,在认知和语言测量上的得分低于对照组。这些发现表明,极低出生体重儿童的语言能力差异可能是影响许多认知功能领域的全球缺陷的一部分,而不是快速听觉处理的特定障碍。© 2008 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50:107-126,2008.
Very‐low‐birth‐weight infants are at much higher risk for cognitive and language delays but the nature of such deficits is not clearly understood. Given increasing rates of prematurity and infants born very‐low‐birth‐weight, examination of mechanisms that underlie poorer developmental outcome is essential. We investigated language and cognitive abilities in very‐low and normal birth‐weight infants to determine whether performance differences were due to poorer global cognitive performance or to deficits in specific processing abilities. Thirty‐two very‐low and 32 normal birth‐weight infants received visual and auditory‐visual habituation recognition‐memory tasks, and standardized language and cognitive assessments. Very‐low‐birth‐weight infants performed more poorly on visual and auditory‐visual habituation tasks and scored lower than controls on cognitive and language measures. These findings suggest that differences in language abilities in very‐low‐birth‐weight children may be part of a global deficit that impacts many areas of cognitive functioning rather than a specific impairment in rapid auditory processing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 107–126, 2008.
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