Gender and PTSD: What can we learn from female police officers?
Gender and PTSD: What can we learn from female police officers?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.02.015
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Marmar CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lilly MM;Pole N;Best SR;Metzler T;Marmar CR
对平民的研究通常发现，女性是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一个风险因素。警方和军方的研究往往发现PTSD没有性别差异。我们比较了157名女警察和124名女性平民的几个变量，包括创伤暴露，围创伤性情绪困扰，目前的躯体化，和累积的创伤后应激障碍症状。我们发现，尽管在军官组中有更多的攻击性暴力，但女性平民报告的创伤后应激障碍症状明显更严重。女性平民中PTSD症状的升高被解释为女性平民中更强烈的创伤后情绪困扰。我们还发现，女性军官表现出更强的创伤前后的情绪困扰和当前的躯体化之间的直接关系。我们的研究结果表明，PTSD的明显性别差异可能是由于创伤周围情绪的差异，这影响了随后的PTSD和躯体化症状。在理解PTSD中的性别差异时，非理性可能比生理性别更重要。
Studies of civilians typically find that female gender is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Police and military studies often find no gender differences in PTSD. We compared 157 female police officers and 124 female civilians on several variables including trauma exposure, peritraumatic emotional distress, current somatization, and cumulative PTSD symptoms. We found that despite greater exposure to assaultive violence in the officer group, female civilians reported significantly more severe PTSD symptoms. Elevated PTSD symptoms in female civilians were explained by significantly more intense peritraumatic emotional distress among female civilians. We also found that female officers showed a stronger direct relationship between peritraumatic emotional distress and current somatization. Our findings suggest that apparent gender differences in PTSD may result from differences in peritraumatic emotionality, which influence subsequent PTSD and somatization symptoms. Emotionality may be more important than biological sex in understanding gender differences in PTSD.
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