Asymmetric switch costs as sequential difficulty effects.

Asymmetric switch costs as sequential difficulty effects.
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DOI:
10.1080/17470211003624010
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发表时间:
2010-10
期刊:
Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Anderson JR
Anderson JR
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schneider DW;Anderson JR

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当在不同难度的任务之间切换时,简单任务的切换成本通常比困难任务的切换成本更大。作者根据顺序难度效应提出了对这些不对称切换成本的新解释。他们认为,这种不对称性是由于在一次困难的试验后表现受损造成的,无论任务是否切换或重复。两个关于算术任务切换的实验提供了对这一想法的实证支持,其中即使在算术任务重复的情况下,也观察到二次难度操作的不对称性。作者讨论了他们的顺序难度解释如何解释除了不对称切换成本之外的不对称重启成本,以及如何通过涉及执行控制或工作记忆的资源耗尽来解释顺序难度效应。
When switching between tasks of unequal difficulty, there is often a larger switch cost for the easy task than for the difficult task. The authors propose a new account of these asymmetric switch costs based on sequential difficulty effects. They argue that the asymmetry arises from impaired performance after a difficult trial regardless of whether the task switches or repeats. Empirical support for this idea is provided in two experiments on arithmetic task switching in which asymmetries are observed for secondary difficulty manipulations, even in the context of arithmetic task repetitions. The authors discuss how their sequential difficulty account might explain asymmetric restart costs in addition to asymmetric switch costs and how sequential difficulty effects might be explained by resource depletion involving executive control or working memory.
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