Imaging of wall motion coupled with blood flow velocity in the heart and vessels in vivo: a feasibility study.
Imaging of wall motion coupled with blood flow velocity in the heart and vessels in vivo: a feasibility study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.03.004
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Konofagou, Elisa E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Jianwen;Konofagou, Elisa E.
关键词：
Abdominal aortaAbdominal aortic aneurysmAsynchronousBlood flowBlood velocityCardiacCardiovascularCross-correlationECG gatingElastographyFlow patternFlow velocityHeartHigh frame rateHigh frequencyHigh resolutionInfarctionLeft ventricleMiceMyocardial infarctionMyocardiumSimultaneous imagingSynchronicitySynchronousUltrasoundVascularVortexWall motionWall velocity
由于疾病导致的机械性质和几何形状变化影响壁运动和血流，而后两者也是耦合的，因此持续地相互影响。心血管壁运动和血液速度的同时和配准成像因此可以有助于心血管机械和流体动力学的更完整的计算模型，以及提供额外的诊断信息。本文的目的是确定成像的可行性，心血管壁运动与血流耦合在体内。正常（n=6）和梗死（n=5）小鼠左心室，正常（n=5）和囊性（n=4）小鼠腹部动脉瘤，成像的纵向视图与30 MHz的超声探头。使用心电图（ECG）门控，以8 kHz的帧速率采集二维（2-D）射频（RF）数据。使用散斑跟踪技术估计轴向壁速度和血液速度。心血管壁运动和血流的空间和时间配准成像被证明是可行的。在梗死区检测到室壁运动减少，而在正常和梗死左心室的舒张期成像涡流模式。发现在正常心脏中心肌壁运动和血流更同步，其中在二尖瓣打开后血液朝向前间壁移动（即，快速充盈期），并且前间壁同时经历向外运动。然而，在梗塞的心脏中，在快速充盈期，基底前间壁开始移动，大约在二尖瓣打开和血液进入左心室之前20 ms。在正常主动脉中，室壁运动和血流速度是均匀和同步的。在腹主动脉中，发现腹主动脉囊中的室壁运动和涡流模式减少且空间变化，因此，腹主动脉中的室壁运动和血液速度不太同步。在小鼠体内对心血管壁运动和血流进行成像。这种双重信息可以为心血管疾病的诊断提供重要信息，也可以为生物力学建模提供必要的参数。
The mechanical property and geometry changes as a result of disease affect both the wall motion and blood flow, while the latter two are also coupled and therefore continuously influence one another. Simultaneous and registered imaging of both cardiovascular wall motion and blood velocity may thus contribute to more complete computational models of cardiovascular mechanical and fluid dynamics as well as provide additional diagnostic information. The objective of this paper is to determine the feasibility of imaging cardiovascular wall motion coupled with blood flow in vivo. Normal (n=6) and infarcted (n=5) murine left ventricles, and normal (n=5) and aneurysmal (n=4) murine abdominal aortas, were imaged in longitudinal views with a 30-MHz ultrasound probe. Using electrocardiogram (ECG) gating, two-dimensional (2-D) radio-frequency (RF) data were acquired at a frame rate of 8 kHz. The axial wall velocity and blood velocity were estimated using a speckle tracking technique. Spatially and temporally registered imaging of both cardiovascular wall motion and blood flow was shown feasible. Reduced wall motion was detected in the infarcted region, while vortex flow patterns were imaged in diastolic phases of both normal and infarcted left ventricles. The myocardial wall motion and blood flow were found be to more synchronized in the normal heart, where the blood moves towards the anteroseptal wall after the mitral valve opens (i.e., rapid filling phase), and the anteroseptal wall simultaneously undergoes outward motion. In the infarcted heart, however, in the rapid filling phase the basal anteroseptal wall starts moving, about 20 ms before the mitral valve opens and the blood enters the left ventricle. In the normal aorta, the wall motion and blood velocity were uniform and synchronized. In the aneurysmal aorta, reduced and spatially varied wall motion and vortex flow patterns in the aneurysmal sac were found. The wall motion and blood velocity were thus less synchronized in the aneurysmal aorta. Cardiovascular wall motion and blood flow were both imaged in mice in vivo. This dual information may provide important information for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease as well as essential parameters for biomechanical modeling.
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