Effective molarity redux: Proximity as a guiding force in chemistry and biology.
Effective molarity redux: Proximity as a guiding force in chemistry and biology.
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DOI：
10.1002/ijch.201300063
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Schepartz, Alanna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hobert, Elissa M.;Doerner, Amy E.;Walker, Allison S.;Schepartz, Alanna
关键词：
细胞内部是一个复杂而苛刻的环境。各种各样的分子争先恐后地寻找正确的位置——在无数的非生产性选择中隐藏着促进生物学的特定相互作用。确保细胞的业务成功需要复杂的机制来施加时间和空间的特异性——包括短暂的相互作用和它们的最终结果。在细胞环境中调节大分子相互作用的两种策略是共定位和区隔化。大分子相互作用可以通过在相同的亚细胞区室中定位伙伴来促进和指定，或者通过与蛋白质、脂质或DNA的共价或非共价相互作用来使它们靠近，这是任何生物学家都熟悉的主题。这些策略的最终结果是有效摩尔浓度的增加：反应分子在其反应伙伴附近的局部浓度。我们将专注于这种一般的机制，它被大自然所采用，并在实验室中进行了调整，它允许在复杂的环境中进行微妙的控制：接近的力量可以加速、引导或以其他方式影响信号蛋白的反应性及其编码的信息。
The cell interior is a complex and demanding environment. An incredible variety of molecules jockey to identify the correct position–the specific interactions that promote biology that are hidden among countless unproductive options. Ensuring that the business of the cell is successful requires sophisticated mechanisms to impose temporal and spatial specificity–both on transient interactions and their eventual outcomes. Two strategies employed to regulate macromolecular interactions in a cellular context are co-localization and compartmentalization. Macromolecular interactions can be promoted and specified by localizing the partners within the same subcellular compartment, or by holding them in proximity through covalent or non-covalent interactions with proteins, lipids, or DNA– themes that are familiar to any biologist. The net result of these strategies is an increase in effective molarity: the local concentration of a reactive molecule near its reaction partners. We will focus on this general mechanism, employed by Nature and adapted in the lab, which allows delicate control in complex environments: the power of proximity to accelerate, guide, or otherwise influence the reactivity of signaling proteins and the information that they encode.
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