Advances in developing HIV-1 viral load assays for resource-limited settings.
Advances in developing HIV-1 viral load assays for resource-limited settings.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.06.004
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
16
通讯作者：
Demirci, Utkan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, ShuQi;Xu, Feng;Demirci, Utkan
商业HIV-1RNA病毒载量分析在发达国家已被常规用于监测抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)。然而，这些分析需要昂贵的设备和试剂、训练有素的操作员和建立的实验室基础设施。这些要求限制了它们在资源有限的环境中的使用，在这些环境中，人们最容易受到艾滋病毒-1流行病的困扰。已经开发出了廉价的替代方法，如超灵敏的p24试验、逆转录酶(RT)试验和内部逆转录定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)。然而，它们仍然耗时、技术复杂，不适合分散的实验室作为护理点(POC)测试。微流控和纳米技术的最新进展为开发低成本、快速、健壮和简单的HIV-1病毒载量监测系统提供了新的战略。我们回顾了在发达国家和发展中国家用于HIV-1病毒载量监测的最先进技术。还讨论了基于微流控和纳米技术的新兴方法，这些方法有可能集成到POC HIV-1病毒载量分析中。
Commercial HIV-1 RNA viral load assays have been routinely used in developed countries to monitor antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, these assays require expensive equipment and reagents, well-trained operators, and established laboratory infrastructure. These requirements restrict their use in resource-limited settings where people are most afflicted with the HIV-1 epidemic. Inexpensive alternatives such as the Ultrasensitive p24 assay, the Reverse Transcriptase (RT) assay and in-house reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) have been developed. However, they are still time-consuming, technologically complex and inappropriate for decentralized laboratories as point-of-care (POC) tests. Recent advances in microfluidics and nanotechnology offer new strategies to develop low-cost, rapid, robust and simple HIV-1 viral load monitoring systems. We review state-of-the-art technologies used for HIV-1 viral load monitoring in both developed and developing settings. Emerging approaches based on microfluidics and nanotechnology, which have potential to be integrated into POC HIV-1 viral load assays, are also discussed.
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