Use of insecticide quantification kits to investigate the quality of spraying and decay rate of bendiocarb on different wall surfaces in Kagera region, Tanzania.
Use of insecticide quantification kits to investigate the quality of spraying and decay rate of bendiocarb on different wall surfaces in Kagera region, Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-015-0859-5
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发表时间：
2015-04-22
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Magesa SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thawer NG;Ngondi JM;Mugalura FE;Emmanuel I;Mwalimu CD;Morou E;Vontas J;Protopopoff N;Rowland M;Mutagahywa J;Lalji S;Molteni F;Ramsan MM;Willilo R;Wright A;Kafuko JM;Ndong I;Reithinger R;Magesa SM
2012年，作为临时国家杀虫剂抗药性管理计划的一部分，坦桑尼亚首次在室内滞留喷洒中引入苯敌威。此前有报道称，全国范围内的拟除虫菊酯耐药性水平日益惊人。本研究采用杀虫剂定量试剂盒（IQK）对卡盖拉地区室内滞留喷洒杀虫剂（IRS）的覆盖率、喷洒质量和灭虫威在不同墙面上的衰减率进行了调查。为了评估作业中IRS的覆盖率和喷洒质量，从161 414所喷洒过IRS的房屋中随机挑选了104所房屋。通过从墙壁表面刮取杀虫剂样本，共采集了509个样本（Muleba 218个，Karagwe 291个）。为了调查腐烂率，选择了66所房屋（Muleba 36所，Karagwe 30所），并在五个月内每月收集样本。使用IQKTM [Innovative Vector Control Consortium]进行杀虫剂浓度的实验室测试。在509个样本中，89.5%符合世界卫生组织（世卫组织）建议的IRS目标剂量浓度（100 - 400毫克/平方米）。符合世卫组织标准的样本比例在Karagwe（84.3%）和Muleba（96.3%）之间存在差异（p <0.001）。对家庭喷洒质量的评估表明，Muleba（84.8%）达到预期目标剂量（100 - 400毫克/平方米）的家庭比例明显高于Karagwe（68.9%）（p <0.001）。在这两个地区，不同的墙壁基质的喷涂质量不同。恶虫威衰减的评估表明，推荐浓度的房屋比例分别从96.9%，93.5%和76.2%下降到IRS后的第一个月，第二个月和第三个月（p趋势= 0.03）。喷洒后第四个月和第五个月，腐烂率有所增加，分别只有55.9%和26.3%的房屋符合世卫组织的建议。IQK是评估IRS覆盖率和喷洒质量的重要工具。研究发现，室内滞留喷雾杀虫剂的覆盖面足够;然而，据观察，恶虫威的残留寿命为三个月。结果表明，为了保持虫威的推荐浓度，应在三个月后进行第二次喷雾周期。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s13071 - 015 - 0859 - 5）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Bendiocarb was introduced for the first time for Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) in Tanzania in 2012 as part of the interim national insecticide resistance management plan. This move followed reports of increasingly alarming levels of pyrethroid resistance across the country. This study used the insecticide quantification kit (IQK) to investigate the intra-operational IRS coverage and quality of spraying, and decay rate of bendiocarb on different wall surfaces in Kagera region. To assess intra-operational IRS coverage and quality of spraying, 104 houses were randomly selected out of 161,414 sprayed houses. A total of 509 samples (218 in Muleba and 291 in Karagwe) were obtained by scraping the insecticide samples from wall surfaces. To investigate decay rate, 66 houses (36 in Muleba and 30 in Karagwe) were selected and samples were collected monthly for a period of five months. Laboratory testing of insecticide concentration was done using IQKTM [Innovative Vector Control Consortium]. Of the 509 samples, 89.5% met the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended concentration (between 100–400 mg/m2) for IRS target dosage. The proportion of samples meeting WHO standards varied between Karagwe (84.3%) and Muleba (96.3%) (p < 0.001). Assessment of quality of spraying at house level revealed that Muleba (84.8%) had a significantly higher proportion of households that met the expected target dosage (100–400 mg/m2) compared to Karagwe (68.9%) (p < 0.001). The quality of spraying varied across different wall substrates in both districts. Evaluation of bendiocarb decay showed that the proportion of houses with recommended concentration declined from 96.9%, 93.5% and 76.2% at months one, two, and three post IRS, respectively (p-trend = 0.03). The rate of decay increased in the fourth and fifth month post spraying with only 55.9% and 26.3% houses meeting the WHO recommendations, respectively. IQK is an important tool for assessing IRS coverage and quality of spraying. The study found adequate coverage of IRS; however, residual life of bendiocarb was observed to be three months. Results suggest that in order to maintain the recommended concentrations with bendiocarb, a second spray cycle should be carried out after three months. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0859-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Djènontin A;Aïmihouè O;Sèzonlin M;Damien GB;Ossè R;Soukou B;Padonou G;Chandre F;Akogbéto M
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