Recognition between symbiotic Vibrio fischeri and the haemocytes of Euprymna scolopes.
Recognition between symbiotic Vibrio fischeri and the haemocytes of Euprymna scolopes.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01788.x
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
McFall-Ngai MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nyholm SV;Stewart JJ;Ruby EG;McFall-Ngai MJ
鱿鱼Euprymna scolopes的光器官隐窝仅允许发光细菌费氏弧菌（Vibrio fischeri）定植。由于地穴内部仍然与海水接触，鱿鱼不仅要培养特定的共生关系，还要继续排除其他细菌。对先天免疫系统在这些过程中作用的研究表明，从E.与宿主环境中常见的其他密切相关的细菌物种相比，费氏弧菌的识别和吞噬能力更低。有趣的是，从已治愈其共生体的宿主中分离的吞噬细胞结合的费氏弧菌细胞是未治愈宿主的五倍。没有观察到结合其他细菌物种的能力发生这种变化，表明宿主特异性地适应费氏弧菌。缺失编码OmpU（费氏弧菌的主要外膜蛋白）的基因，可使未治愈动物血细胞的结合增加至治愈动物血细胞的水平。与野生型费氏弧菌共孵育减少了这种结合，表明它们产生了一种补充突变体缺陷的因子。通过荧光激活细胞分选（FACS）对结合细胞的吞噬作用的分析表明，一旦发生与血细胞的结合，费氏弧菌细胞与其他细菌一样有效地被吞噬。因此，鱿鱼免疫系统的这一组成部分的歧视发生在血细胞结合的水平上，并且这种反应：（i）通过先前暴露于共生体而被修改，以及（ii）依赖于共生体的外膜和/或分泌成分。这些数据表明，调节宿主血细胞结合的共生体可能是许多因素之一，有助于在这种协会的特异性。
The light-organ crypts of the squid Euprymna scolopes permit colonization exclusively by the luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Because the crypt interior remains in contact with seawater, the squid must not only foster the specific symbiosis but also continue to exclude other bacteria. Investigation of the role of the innate immune system in these processes revealed that macrophage-like hemocytes isolated from E. scolopes recognized and phagocytosed V. fischeri less than other closely related bacterial species common to the host’s environment. Interestingly, phagocytes isolated from hosts that had been cured of their symbionts bound five-times more V. fischeri cells than those from uncured hosts. No such change in the ability to bind other species of bacteria was observed, suggesting that the host adapts specifically to V. fischeri. Deletion of the gene encoding OmpU, the major outer membrane protein of V. fischeri, increased binding by hemocytes from uncured animals to the level observed for hemocytes from cured animals. Co-incubation with wild-type V. fischeri reduced this binding, suggesting they produce a factor that complements the mutant’s defect. Analyses of the phagocytosis of bound cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) indicated that, once binding to hemocytes had occurred, V. fischeri cells are phagocytosed as effectively as other bacteria. Thus, discrimination by this component of the squid immune system occurs at the level of hemocyte binding, and this response: (i) is modified by previous exposure to the symbiont and, (ii) relies on outer membrane and/or secreted components of the symbionts. These data suggest that regulation of host hemocyte binding by the symbiont may be one of many factors that contribute to specificity in this association.
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通讯作者：
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