Advances in extracorporeal membrane oxygenator design for artificial placenta technology.

Advances in extracorporeal membrane oxygenator design for artificial placenta technology.
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人工胎盘体外膜氧合器设计进展。

DOI:
10.1111/aor.13827
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Roy S
Roy S
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Blauvelt DG;Abada EN;Oishi P;Roy S

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极端早产,定义为胎龄小于28周,是世界范围内的一个重大健康问题。它带来了很高的死亡率和发病率,这在很大程度上是由于肺在这个发育阶段的不成熟。这些患者的标准治疗包括机械通气支持,这会加重肺部病变。体外生命支持(ECLS),也称为人工胎盘技术,当应用于极早产儿(EPT)时,提供了一个有趣的解决方案。ECLS涉及通过体外装置提供气体交换,从而完成肺的工作,并允许它们在不受到有害的机械通气的情况下发育。虽然ECLS已成功用于足月新生儿、儿童和成人的呼吸衰竭,但尚未有效应用于EPT患者人群。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了EPT婴儿的独特之处以及将ECLS应用于这些患者的挑战。此外,我们还对人工胎盘技术的最新进展进行了综述。然后,我们提供了一个人工胎盘回路的膜式氧合器的成功工程设计考虑因素的分析。最后,我们研究下一代氧合器,可能会促进人工胎盘设备的发展。
Extreme prematurity, defined as a gestational age of fewer than 28 weeks, is a significant health problem worldwide. It carries a high burden of mortality and morbidity, in large part due to the immaturity of the lungs at this stage of development. The standard of care for these patients includes support with mechanical ventilation, which exacerbates lung pathology. Extracorporeal life support (ECLS), also called artificial placenta technology when applied to extremely preterm (EPT) infants, offers an intriguing solution. ECLS involves providing gas exchange via an extracorporeal device, thereby doing the work of the lungs and allowing them to develop without being subjected to injurious mechanical ventilation. While ECLS has been successfully used in respiratory failure in full term neonates, children, and adults, it has not been applied effectively to the EPT patient population. In this review, we discuss the unique aspects of EPT infants and the challenges of applying ECLS to these patients. In addition, we review recent progress in artificial placenta technology development. We then offer analysis on design considerations for successful engineering of a membrane oxygenator for an artificial placenta circuit. Finally, we examine next generation oxygenators that might advance the development of artificial placenta devices.
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