Ants sow the seeds of global diversification in flowering plants.
Ants sow the seeds of global diversification in flowering plants.
复制标题
蚂蚁播种开花植物中全球多元化的种子。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0005480
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dunn RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lengyel S;Gove AD;Latimer AM;Majer JD;Dunn RR
在白垩纪和第三纪时期，被子植物的异常多样化产生了估计250，000 - 300，000种活的被子植物物种，并从根本上改变了陆地生态系统。与动物的相互作用作为传粉者或种子传播者长期以来一直被怀疑是被子植物多样化的驱动因素，但经验的例子仍然稀少或不确定。蚂蚁传播种子（蚁媒传播）可能会推动多样化，因为它可以通过为植物提供选择优势来减少灭绝，并通过极其有限的传播距离加强地理隔离来增加物种形成。使用最全面的姐妹组比较，到目前为止，我们测试的假设，myrmecochory导致更高的多样化率在被子植物。正如预测的那样，多样化率大大高于蚂蚁分散的植物比他们的非myrmecochorous亲属。来自除南极洲以外的所有大陆的241属101个被子植物谱系的数据显示，蚂蚁分散的谱系所包含的物种平均是其非myrmecochorous姐妹群的两倍多。姐妹群之间的物种多样性的对比表明，多样化率并不依赖于种子传播模式的姐妹群，并在myrmecochorous谱系在大多数地理区域较高。桃金娘科植物在被子植物中独立进化了至少100次，估计存在于至少77个科和11000个物种中，是一个关键的进化创新，也是全球重要的植物多样性驱动力。Myrmecochory提供了迄今为止最好的例子，说明任何互利主义对大规模多样化的持续影响。
The extraordinary diversification of angiosperm plants in the Cretaceous and Tertiary periods has produced an estimated 250,000–300,000 living angiosperm species and has fundamentally altered terrestrial ecosystems. Interactions with animals as pollinators or seed dispersers have long been suspected as drivers of angiosperm diversification, yet empirical examples remain sparse or inconclusive. Seed dispersal by ants (myrmecochory) may drive diversification as it can reduce extinction by providing selective advantages to plants and can increase speciation by enhancing geographical isolation by extremely limited dispersal distances. Using the most comprehensive sister-group comparison to date, we tested the hypothesis that myrmecochory leads to higher diversification rates in angiosperm plants. As predicted, diversification rates were substantially higher in ant-dispersed plants than in their non-myrmecochorous relatives. Data from 101 angiosperm lineages in 241 genera from all continents except Antarctica revealed that ant-dispersed lineages contained on average more than twice as many species as did their non-myrmecochorous sister groups. Contrasts in species diversity between sister groups demonstrated that diversification rates did not depend on seed dispersal mode in the sister group and were higher in myrmecochorous lineages in most biogeographic regions. Myrmecochory, which has evolved independently at least 100 times in angiosperms and is estimated to be present in at least 77 families and 11 000 species, is a key evolutionary innovation and a globally important driver of plant diversity. Myrmecochory provides the best example to date for a consistent effect of any mutualism on large-scale diversification.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Edwards, W;Dunlop, M;Rodgerson, L
通讯作者：
Rodgerson, L
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Castric, V;Bonney, F;Bernatchez, L
通讯作者：
Bernatchez, L
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
BERG, RY
通讯作者：
BERG, RY
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Calvino-Cancela, Maria;He, Tianhua;Lamont, Byron B.
通讯作者：
Lamont, Byron B.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Goudet, J
通讯作者：
Goudet, J