A method for the rapid screening of human blood samples for the presence of HIV-1 sequences: the probe-shift assay.

A method for the rapid screening of human blood samples for the presence of HIV-1 sequences: the probe-shift assay.
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一种快速筛查人类血液样本中是否存在 HIV-1 序列的方法:探针位移测定。

DOI:
10.1089/aid.1989.5.345
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发表时间:
1989
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Hughes,SH
Hughes,SH
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kumar,R;Goedert,JJ;Hughes,SH

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从理论上讲,直接筛查人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)DNA比筛查HIV相关抗体有优势;然而,HIV基因组似乎只存在于感染者的一小部分外周血细胞中。聚合酶链式反应(PCR)可以特异地扩增特定的DNA片段,即使它们存在于细胞的一小部分中,也可以识别出特定的DNA片段。通过Southern转移、“斑点杂交”和限制性内切酶酶切检测到HIV来源的PCR扩增片段。不幸的是,聚合酶链式反应不仅可以扩增感兴趣的单个片段,还可以扩增不相关的片段,这些片段可能被错误地识别为与艾滋病毒相关的片段。在这里,我们描述了一种用于特异性检测PCR扩增的DNA片段的替代方法,即探针移位分析,该方法比前面描述的技术更简单、更快、更少受到错误识别的影响。扩增的DNA和探针之间形成的半双链在非变性凝胶上分离后被检测到。这种方法足够灵敏,可以在存在超过105个未感染细胞的情况下检测到单个感染细胞,并已直接应用于临床样本。
In theory, screening directly for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA has advantages over screening for HIV-related antibodies; however, the HIV genome appears to be present only in a small fraction of peripheral blood cells from infected individuals. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specifically amplifies defined DNA segments, permitting the identification of specific DNA segments even if they are present in a fraction of cells. HIV-derived PCR-amplified segments have been detected by Southern transfer, "dot-blot" hybridization, and digestion with restriction endonucleases. Unfortunately, PCR may amplify not only the single segment of interest but also irrelevant segments, which can be incorrectly identified as HIV related. We describe here an alternative approach to specific detection of PCR-amplified DNA segments, the probe-shift assay, that is simpler, faster, and less subject to erroneous identification than the previously described techniques.The probe-shift assay relies on the hybridization of an appropriately labeled oligonucleotide probe to the amplified segment in solution. The hemiduplex formed between the amplified DNA and the probe is detected following fractionation on nondenaturing gels. This procedure is sufficiently sensitive to detect a single infected cell in the presence of more than 105uninfected cells and has been applied directly to clinical samples.
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