Disinformation and Epidemics: Anticipating the Next Phase of Biowarfare.

Disinformation and Epidemics: Anticipating the Next Phase of Biowarfare.
复制标题

DOI:
10.1089/hs.2020.0038
复制
发表时间:
2021-01
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Gibson-Fall, Fawzia
Gibson-Fall, Fawzia
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bernard, Rose;Bowsher, Gemma;Sullivan, Richard;Gibson-Fall, Fawzia

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

虽然生物战传统上被认为是一种威胁,需要一种独特的生物制剂存在,但我们认为,鉴于国家支持的在线虚假信息活动的兴起,我们正以“网络-生物”框架接近生物战的第五阶段。通过研究与美国2016年总统选举有关的造谣运动之后麻疹病例的上升,当前新型冠状病毒疾病2019年大流行中造假信息的增加,以及2014-2016年西非和2019-2020年刚果民主共和国埃博拉疫情期间公共卫生干预措施的错误信息的影响,我们问道,这些运动的潜在影响-包括破坏社会政治体系、公共卫生和科学机构合法化以及公共卫生应对措施的转移-是否可以被描述为类似于更传统的生物疫苗概念的影响。在这篇文章中,我们着眼于这些不同的影响以及与使用生物武器和网络运动有关的规范。通过这样做,我们预计将出现一场网络和生物战相结合的战争。后者并不依赖于人造生物武器的存在;它设法通过将自然发生的疫情武器化来破坏社会政治制度和公共卫生。
While biological warfare has classically been considered a threat requiring the presence of a distinct biological agent, we argue that in light of the rise of state-sponsored online disinformation campaigns we are approaching a fifth phase of biowarfare with a “cyber-bio” framing. By examining the rise of measles cases following disinformation campaigns connected to the US 2016 presidential elections, the rise of disinformation in the current novel coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and the impact of misinformation on public health interventions during the 2014-2016 West Africa and 2019-2020 Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola outbreaks, we ask whether the potential impact of these campaigns—which includes the undermining of sociopolitical systems, the delegitimization of public health and scientific bodies, and the diversion of the public health response—can be characterized as analogous to the impacts of more traditional conceptions of biowarfare. In this paper, we look at these different impacts and the norms related to the use of biological weapons and cyber campaigns. By doing so, we anticipate the advent of a combined cyber and biological warfare. The latter is not dependent on the existence of a manufactured biological weapon; it manages to undermine sociopolitical systems and public health through the weaponization of naturally occurring outbreaks.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223104
发表时间: 2019-09-26
期刊: PLOS ONE
影响因子: 3.7
作者:
Claude, Kasereka Masumbuko;Underschultz, Jack;Hawkes, Michael T.
通讯作者: Hawkes, Michael T.
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304567
发表时间: 2018-10-01
影响因子: 12.7
作者:
Broniatowski, David A.;Jamison, Amelia M.;Dredze, Mark
通讯作者: Dredze, Mark
DOI: 10.1007/s13278-015-0298-5
发表时间: 2015-12-01
影响因子: 2.8
作者:
Madani, Amina;Boussaid, Omar;Zegour, Djamel Eddine
通讯作者: Zegour, Djamel Eddine
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz004
发表时间: 2019-06-01
影响因子: 4.4
作者:
Kennedy, Jonathan
通讯作者: Kennedy, Jonathan
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.112
发表时间: 2012-05-28
期刊: VACCINE
影响因子: 5.5
作者:
Kata, Anna
通讯作者: Kata, Anna