Metabolic consequences of oncogenic IDH mutations.

Metabolic consequences of oncogenic IDH mutations.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.05.003
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发表时间:
2015-08
影响因子:
13.5
通讯作者:
Metallo, Christian M.
Metallo, Christian M.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parker, Seth J.;Metallo, Christian M.

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异柠檬酸脱氢酶1和2(IDH 1和IDH 2)中的特定点突变发生在多种癌症中,包括急性髓性白血病(AML)、低度胶质瘤和软骨肉瘤。这些突变破坏了野生型酶活性,并传递新形态功能以产生D-2-羟基戊二酸(D-2 HG),其在肿瘤内以毫摩尔水平积累。D-2 HG可影响α-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧酶活性,随后影响这些癌症中的各种细胞功能。突变体IDH 1和IDH 2的新变体活性的抑制剂目前处于实体瘤和血液肿瘤的I/II期临床试验中。由于IDH 1和IDH 2代表三羧酸(TCA)循环中的关键酶,因此突变对中间代谢具有显著影响。一些野生型代谢活性的丧失是致癌IDH突变的重要的、潜在有害的和治疗上可利用的后果,并且需要在未来继续研究。在这里,我们回顾IDH 1和IDH 2突变如何影响细胞代谢,表观遗传学和其他生化功能,讨论这些变化的背景下,目前的努力,以治疗靶向癌症携带这些突变。
Specific point mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2) occur in a variety of cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), low-grade gliomas, and chondrosarcomas. These mutations inactivate wild-type enzymatic activity and convey neomorphic function to produce D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), which accumulates at millimolar levels within tumors. D-2HG can impact α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activity and subsequently affect various cellular functions in these cancers. Inhibitors of the neomorphic activity of mutant IDH1 and IDH2 are currently in Phase I/II clinical trials for both solid and blood tumors. As IDH1 and IDH2 represent key enzymes within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, mutations have significant impact on intermediary metabolism. The loss of some wild-type metabolic activity is an important, potentially deleterious and therapeutically exploitable consequence of oncogenic IDH mutations and requires continued investigation in the future. Here we review how IDH1 and IDH2 mutations influence cellular metabolism, epigenetics, and other biochemical functions, discussing these changes in the context of current efforts to therapeutically target cancers bearing these mutations.
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