Selection and Constraints in the Ecomorphological Adaptive Evolution of the Skull of Living Canidae (Carnivora, Mammalia)
Selection and Constraints in the Ecomorphological Adaptive Evolution of the Skull of Living Canidae (Carnivora, Mammalia)
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活体犬科动物（食肉目、哺乳动物）头骨生态形态适应性进化的选择与约束
DOI：
10.1086/709610
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Machado, Fabio Andrade
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Machado, Fabio Andrade
表型与生态之间的联系对于理解形态进化的环境驱动因素至关重要。当处理复杂的特征时，这是一项特别具有挑战性的任务，例如头骨，其中多种选择压力在起作用，进化可能受到个体发育和遗传因素的限制。我整合形态测量工具，比较方法，和数量遗传学研究如何个体发育的限制和选择可能在现存的犬科头骨的进化过程中相互作用。结果证实，颅骨形态的演变在很大程度上是适应性的，并通过饮食组成的变化塑造。虽然调查的适应性景观揭示了两个主要的选择线的阻力最小（一个与大小和功能形状特征相关），进化率沿着大小高于那些发现的形状尺寸，这表明形态进化的影响的限制。结构建模分析表明，大小，这是最遗传/表型变异的线，可能会作为一个约束，负面影响饮食进化。在选择消耗大型猎物的情况下，通过将强选择沿着大小和形状两个方向联系起来，约束可能已经被克服了。这里得到的结果表明，微观进化的限制可能发挥了作用，在塑造宏观形态进化模式的演变。
The association between phenotype and ecology is essential for understanding the environmental drivers of morphological evolution. This is a particularly challenging task when dealing with complex traits, such as the skull, where multiple selective pressures are at play and evolution might be constrained by ontogenetic and genetic factors. I integrate morphometric tools, comparative methods, and quantitative genetics to investigate how ontogenetic constraints and selection might have interacted during the evolution of the skull in extant Canidae. The results confirm that the evolution of cranial morphology was largely adaptive and molded by changes in diet composition. While the investigation of the adaptive landscape reveals two main selective lines of least resistance (one associated with size and one associated with functional shape features), rates of evolution along size were higher than those found for shape dimensions, suggesting the influence of constraints on morphological evolution. Structural modeling analyses revealed that size, which is the line of most genetic/phenotypic variation, might have acted as a constraint, negatively impacting dietary evolution. Constraints might have been overcome in the case of selection for the consumption of large prey by associating strong selection along both size and shape directions. The results obtained here show that microevolutionary constraints may have played a role in shaping macroevolutionary patterns of morphological evolution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.034
发表时间：
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期刊：
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
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