Marmoset monkeys overcome dyadic social dilemmas while avoiding mutual defection
Marmoset monkeys overcome dyadic social dilemmas while avoiding mutual defection
复制标题
狨猴克服了二元社会困境，同时避免了相互背叛
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.12.020
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rossano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sánchez-Amaro;Burkart;Rossano
亮点我们为绒猴呈现了一种社会困境的场景。绒猴避免了相互叛逃，并战略性地克服了社会困境。雌性参与了比雄性更具策略性的行为，并获得了更多的回报。雄性通常在食物分享活动中扮演捐赠者的角色。社会灵长类经常面临它们的偏好冲突的情况，它们需要设计策略来克服利益冲突。对黑猩猩的研究发现，它们使用竞争策略来克服社会困境，最大化自己的利益，同时将回报的损失降至最低。然而，人们对其他更依赖合作的灵长类动物如何克服类似的困境知之甚少。因此，我们对常见的雄性和雌性绒猴Callithrix Jacchus(合作繁殖者)进行了两个基于行动的范式的实验，这两个实验在获得不平等的报酬分配方面产生了利益冲突。不是相互叛逃，随着时间的推移，绒猴能够克服这一社会困境，方法是发展出一系列策略性行为(主要是雌性)和对不利的奖励分配(主要是雄性)的容忍。这种行为策略的组合为女性带来了更多、更好的回报。重要的是，这样的净结果与该物种的自然历史相一致，在该物种中，携带着高能量生殖负担的雌性往往不那么亲社会，在成年动物之间分享食物的活动中，她们是接受者，而不是捐赠者。
HighlightsWe presented marmosets with a social dilemma scenario.Marmosets avoided mutual defection and strategically overcame the social dilemma.Females engaged in more strategic behaviours than males and obtained more rewards.Males usually acted as donors in food-sharing events.Social primates constantly face situations in which their preferences collide and they need to engineer strategies to overcome conflicts of interest. Studies with chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, have found that they use competitive strategies to overcome social dilemmas, maximizing their own benefits while minimizing the loss of rewards. However, little is known about how other primates that rely more on cooperation would overcome similar dilemmas. We therefore presented male–female pairs of common marmosets, Callithrix jacchus (cooperative breeders) with two experiments of an action-based paradigm that creates a conflict of interest over access to an unequal reward distribution. Rather than engaging in mutual defection, marmosets were able to overcome this social dilemma over time, by developing a mix of strategic behaviours (predominantly by females) and tolerance to disadvantageous reward distributions (predominantly by males). This mix of behavioural strategies yielded more and better rewards for the females. Importantly, such a net outcome is consistent with the natural history of this species where females, who carry a high energetic burden of reproduction, tend to be less prosocial and are receivers, rather than donors, in food-sharing events among adults.
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