Role of zero point energy in promoting ice formation in a spherical drop of water

Role of zero point energy in promoting ice formation in a spherical drop of water
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零点能量在促进球形水滴结冰中的作用

DOI:
10.1103/physrevresearch.1.033210
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Boström, Mathias
Boström, Mathias
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parashar, Prachi;Shajesh, K. V.;Milton, Kimball A.;Parsons, Drew F.;Brevik, Iver;Boström, Mathias

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相似文献

我们证明了三种同心球面介质的Lifshitz相互作用能(不包括内部和外部球面区域的自能)可以很容易地利用最近处理器相对于几十年前的强大计算能力来计算。作为一个原型,我们计算了水的球壳在无限大的水蒸气中包裹一个球形冰球时的Lifshitz相互作用能,从而形成了两个同心的球面:一个在固体冰和液态水之间,另一个在液态水和气态蒸汽之间。我们计算了当水的固态、液态和气态共存时,上述组态在水的三相点的Lifshitz相互作用能,从而推广了Elbaum和Schick的分析[M.Elbaum和M.Schick,Phys.莱特牧师。66,1713(1991)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.66.1713]到球形配置。我们发现,当Lifshitz能量占系统总能量的主要部分时(通常是在没有静电相互作用的情况下),被无限大范围的水蒸气包围的水滴在三点处是不稳定的。这种不稳定性是介质中量子涨落的一种表现,它将促进水中冰的形成,然后冰的大小将无限增大。这是因为这里的发现是,对于大(微米大小)的冰球半径和小(纳米大小)厚度的冰周围的水壳,Lifshitz能量最小。这些结果可能与雷雨云中冰雹的形成有关。这些结果是试探性的,因为忽略了自能;没有考虑表面张力和成核能。
We demonstrate that the Lifshitz interaction energy (excluding the self-energies of the inner and outer spherical regions) for three concentric spherical dielectric media can be evaluated easily using the immense computation power in recent processors relative to those of a few decades ago. As a prototype, we compute the Lifshitz interaction energy for a spherical shell of water immersed in water vapor of infinite extent while enclosing a spherical ball of ice inside the shell such that two concentric spherical interfaces are formed: one between solid ice and liquid water and the other between liquid water and gaseous vapor. We evaluate the Lifshitz interaction energy for the above configuration at the triple point of water when the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of water coexist and thus extend the analysis of Elbaum and Schick [M. Elbaum and M. Schick, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1713 (1991)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.66.1713] to spherical configurations. We find that when the Lifshitz energy contributes dominantly to the total energy of this system, which is often the case when electrostatic interactions are absent, a drop of water surrounded by vapor of infinite extent is not stable at the triple point. This instability, which is a manifestation of the quantum fluctuations in the medium, will promote the formation of ice in water, which will then grow in size indefinitely. This is a consequence of the finding here that the Lifshitz energy is minimized for a large (micrometer-size) radius of the ice ball and small (nanometer size) thickness of the water shell surrounding the ice. These results might be relevant to the formation of hail in thunderclouds. These results are tentative in that the self-energies are omitted; surface tension and nucleation energy are not considered.
DOI: 10.1051/jp1:1991233
发表时间: 1991
期刊: Journal De Physique I
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Elbaum;M. Schick
通讯作者: M. Schick
量子化学:经典科学论文
DOI: --
发表时间: 2000
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
H. Hettema
通讯作者: H. Hettema
DOI: --
发表时间: 1995
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
M. Elbaum;S. Lipson;J. Wettlaufer
通讯作者: J. Wettlaufer
DOI: --
发表时间: 1953
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
H. Casimir
通讯作者: H. Casimir
克里斯塔伦附近的施梅尔茨沃尔冈
DOI: --
发表时间: 1942
期刊: Die Naturwissenschaften
影响因子: --
作者:
I. Stranski
通讯作者: I. Stranski