Role of zero point energy in promoting ice formation in a spherical drop of water
Role of zero point energy in promoting ice formation in a spherical drop of water
复制标题
零点能量在促进球形水滴结冰中的作用
DOI:
10.1103/physrevresearch.1.033210
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Boström, Mathias
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parashar, Prachi;Shajesh, K. V.;Milton, Kimball A.;Parsons, Drew F.;Brevik, Iver;Boström, Mathias
We demonstrate that the Lifshitz interaction energy (excluding the self-energies of the inner and outer spherical regions) for three concentric spherical dielectric media can be evaluated easily using the immense computation power in recent processors relative to those of a few decades ago. As a prototype, we compute the Lifshitz interaction energy for a spherical shell of water immersed in water vapor of infinite extent while enclosing a spherical ball of ice inside the shell such that two concentric spherical interfaces are formed: one between solid ice and liquid water and the other between liquid water and gaseous vapor. We evaluate the Lifshitz interaction energy for the above configuration at the triple point of water when the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of water coexist and thus extend the analysis of Elbaum and Schick [M. Elbaum and M. Schick, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1713 (1991)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.66.1713] to spherical configurations. We find that when the Lifshitz energy contributes dominantly to the total energy of this system, which is often the case when electrostatic interactions are absent, a drop of water surrounded by vapor of infinite extent is not stable at the triple point. This instability, which is a manifestation of the quantum fluctuations in the medium, will promote the formation of ice in water, which will then grow in size indefinitely. This is a consequence of the finding here that the Lifshitz energy is minimized for a large (micrometer-size) radius of the ice ball and small (nanometer size) thickness of the water shell surrounding the ice. These results might be relevant to the formation of hail in thunderclouds. These results are tentative in that the self-energies are omitted; surface tension and nucleation energy are not considered.
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DOI:
10.1051/jp1:1991233
发表时间:
1991
期刊:
Journal De Physique I
影响因子:
--
作者:
M. Elbaum;M. Schick
通讯作者:
M. Schick
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2000
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
H. Hettema
通讯作者:
H. Hettema
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1995
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
M. Elbaum;S. Lipson;J. Wettlaufer
通讯作者:
J. Wettlaufer
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1953
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
H. Casimir
通讯作者:
H. Casimir
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1942
期刊:
Die Naturwissenschaften
影响因子:
--
作者:
I. Stranski
通讯作者:
I. Stranski