Intercropping competition between apple trees and crops in agroforestry systems on the Loess Plateau of China.
Intercropping competition between apple trees and crops in agroforestry systems on the Loess Plateau of China.
复制标题
苹果树和农作物之间的竞争在中国黄土高原上的农林业系统中。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0070739
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao L;Xu H;Bi H;Xi W;Bao B;Wang X;Bi C;Chang Y
农林业在减少水土流失、提高土地利用效率、增加经济效益等方面具有显著的效果，在黄土高原地区得到了广泛的应用。然而，农林业的做法可能导致作物和树木之间对地下土壤水分和养分的竞争，并且树冠层上的树木也可能导致作物的光照不足。为了最大限度地减少种间竞争，实现乔木间作的效益最大化，在黄土高原以4 m × 5 m为间距的苹果（Malus pumila m .）人工林中，通过测定光合有效辐射、净光合速率、土壤水分和土壤养分，研究了大豆（Glycine max L. Merr.）和花生（arachhis hypogaea L.）的光合、生长和产量。结果表明：在研究区两种间作制度中，土壤水分是影响作物产量的主要因素，其次是光照；土壤养分缺乏对作物产量也有显著影响。与大豆相比，花生更适合与苹果间作，以获得经济效益。结果表明，苹果-大豆间作和苹果-花生间作在该地区是可行和有益的。然而，作物和树行之间的距离应该调整，以尽量减少物种间的竞争。间作系统还应采取定期修剪树冠、根系屏障、额外灌溉和施肥等农艺措施。
Agroforestry has been widely practiced in the Loess Plateau region of China because of its prominent effects in reducing soil and water losses, improving land-use efficiency and increasing economic returns. However, the agroforestry practices may lead to competition between crops and trees for underground soil moisture and nutrients, and the trees on the canopy layer may also lead to shortage of light for crops. In order to minimize interspecific competition and maximize the benefits of tree-based intercropping systems, we studied photosynthesis, growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by measuring photosynthetically active radiation, net photosynthetic rate, soil moisture and soil nutrients in a plantation of apple (Malus pumila M.) at a spacing of 4 m × 5 m on the Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that for both intercropping systems in the study region, soil moisture was the primary factor affecting the crop yields followed by light. Deficiency of the soil nutrients also had a significant impact on crop yields. Compared with soybean, peanut was more suitable for intercropping with apple trees to obtain economic benefits in the region. We concluded that apple-soybean and apple-peanut intercropping systems can be practical and beneficial in the region. However, the distance between crops and tree rows should be adjusted to minimize interspecies competition. Agronomic measures such as regular canopy pruning, root barriers, additional irrigation and fertilization also should be applied in the intercropping systems.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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