From representations to servomechanisms to oscillators: my journey in the study of cognition.
From representations to servomechanisms to oscillators: my journey in the study of cognition.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10071-022-01677-7
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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比较认知的研究在20世纪70年代和80年代蓬勃发展，重点是动物大脑中的表征，这些表征巩固了动物能够实现的目标。即使在行动密集的领域，如导航和空间认知，对表征的关注也占了上风。在20世纪90年代，我提出了一个关于导航伺服机制的概念。伺服机构可以说是瞄准一个目标，偏离目标导向的路径记录为错误。误差驱动行动，以减少负反馈回路中的误差。这个循环，与行动减少非常信号，驱动行动摆在首位，是关键，以定义一个伺服机制。尽管动作是伺服机构的关键组成部分，但我的重点是编码信号和评估错误的代表性组成部分。最近，我修改和放大了这一观点，声称在导航中，伺服机构通过调节振荡器的性能来运行，振荡器是产生周期性动作的内源性单元。这种模式从细菌传播到数千公里的海龟身上都能找到。这种与振荡器一起工作的伺服机制模式在认知和生活的其他领域也可以找到。我认为振荡器提供了一种有效的方式来组织有机体自身的活动，而伺服机构提供了一种有效的手段来适应有机体的环境，包括其自身的环境。
The study of comparative cognition bloomed in the 1970s and 1980s with a focus on representations in the heads of animals that undergird what animals can achieve. Even in action-packed domains such as navigation and spatial cognition, a focus on representations prevailed. In the 1990s, I suggested a conception of navigation in terms of navigational servomechanisms. A servomechanism can be said to aim for a goal, with deviations from the goal-directed path registering as an error. The error drives action to reduce the error in a negative-feedback loop. This loop, with the action reducing the very signal that drove action in the first place, is key to defining a servomechanism. Even though actions are crucial components of servomechanisms, my focus was on the representational component that encodes signals and evaluates errors. Recently, I modified and amplified this view in claiming that, in navigation, servomechanisms operate by modulating the performance of oscillators, endogenous units that produce periodic action. The pattern is found from bacteria travelling micrometres to sea turtles travelling thousands of kilometres. This pattern of servomechanisms working with oscillators is found in other realms of cognition and of life. I think that oscillators provide an effective way to organise an organism’s own activities while servomechanisms provide an effective means to adjust to the organism’s environment, including that of its own body.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
De la Fuente IM
DOI：
10.1037/0097-7403.15.4.366
发表时间：
1989-10-01
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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