Influence of Environmental Variables on Gambierdiscus spp. (Dinophyceae) Growth and Distribution
Influence of Environmental Variables on Gambierdiscus spp. (Dinophyceae) Growth and Distribution
复制标题
环境变量对甘比尔鞭毛虫的影响。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0153197
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Donald M. Anderson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yixiao Xu;Mindy L. Richlen;Justin D. Liefer;Alison Robertson;Dave Kulis;Tyler B. Smith;Michael L. Parsons;Donald M. Anderson
Gambierdiscus属的底栖甲藻产生雪卡毒素前体，导致雪卡毒素中毒。鱼类中雪卡毒素的普遍存在与珊瑚礁生态系统中产毒物种的存在和分布有关，而这在很大程度上取决于是否存在适宜的海底生境和有利于生长的环境条件。本文采用单因素试验，研究了盐度、光照和温度对8个种/型的17个冈比亚盘菌生长的影响。belizeanus，G. caribaeus，G. carolinianus、G. carpenteri，G. pacificus、太平洋隐翅虫G. silatum，Gambierdiscus sp. type 4-5），其中大部分是从基里巴斯共和国的Marakei岛或美属维尔京群岛（USVI）的圣托马斯建立的。与先前的研究相比，生长率在0-0.48个分裂/天的范围内。在盐度和温度的研究中，甘比亚盘鱼的反应接近高斯，这是此类研究中典型的非线性方式，最佳和次佳生长发生在25和45以及21.0和32.5°C的盐度范围内。在辐照实验中，没有观察到死亡;然而，55μmol photons · m-2 · s-1的生长速率低于110-400μmol photons · m-2 · s-1的生长速率。在测试的极端环境条件下，生长速率变化很大，变异系数很大。然而，种内生长速率的显着差异，通常只发现在最佳或接近最佳的生长条件。多项式回归分析表明，最大生长分别发生在30.1-38.5 ° C和23.8-29.2°C的盐度和温度水平。Gambierdiscus的生长模式在种间和种内各不相同。belizeanus，G. caribaeus，G. carpenteri和G.太平洋鱼对环境条件的耐受范围一般较广，这可以解释它们广泛的地理分布。与此相反，G. 4-5型银藻和冈比亚盘藻对温度、盐度和光照的耐受范围都比较窄。
Benthic dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus produce the ciguatoxin precursors responsible for the occurrence of ciguatera toxicity. The prevalence of ciguatera toxins in fish has been linked to the presence and distribution of toxin-producing species in coral reef ecosystems, which is largely determined by the presence of suitable benthic habitat and environmental conditions favorable for growth. Here using single factor experiments, we examined the effects of salinity, irradiance, and temperature on growth of 17 strains of Gambierdiscus representing eight species/phylotypes (G. belizeanus, G. caribaeus, G. carolinianus, G. carpenteri, G. pacificus, G. silvae, Gambierdiscus sp. type 4–5), most of which were established from either Marakei Island, Republic of Kiribati, or St. Thomas, United States Virgin Island (USVI). Comparable to prior studies, growth rates fell within the range of 0–0.48 divisions day-1. In the salinity and temperature studies, Gambierdiscus responded in a near Gaussian, non-linear manner typical for such studies, with optimal and suboptimal growth occurring in the range of salinities of 25 and 45 and 21.0 and 32.5°C. In the irradiance experiment, no mortality was observed; however, growth rates at 55μmol photons · m-2 · s-1 were lower than those at 110–400μmol photons · m-2 · s-1. At the extremes of the environmental conditions tested, growth rates were highly variable, evidenced by large coefficients of variability. However, significant differences in intraspecific growth rates were typically found only at optimal or near-optimal growth conditions. Polynomial regression analyses showed that maximum growth occurred at salinity and temperature levels of 30.1–38.5 and 23.8–29.2°C, respectively. Gambierdiscus growth patterns varied among species, and within individual species: G. belizeanus, G. caribaeus, G. carpenteri, and G. pacificus generally exhibited a wider range of tolerance to environmental conditions, which may explain their broad geographic distribution. In contrast, G. silvae and Gambierdiscus sp. types 4–5 all displayed a comparatively narrow range of tolerance to temperature, salinity, and irradiance.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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