Estrogen receptor-β in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron.

Estrogen receptor-β in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron.
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促性腺激素释放激素神经元中的雌激素受体-β。

DOI:
10.1055/s-0031-1299594
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发表时间:
2012-01
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学4区
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--
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雌激素对促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)神经元活动的调节在下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的稳态调节中起着至关重要的作用。雌激素还协调一系列复杂的生理变化,最终促性腺激素分泌激增,触发卵巢中发育卵泡排卵。雌激素的协调功能确保女性能够制定适当的生殖行为,最终将精子输送到卵母细胞,并为受精胚胎提供接受性的子宫环境。虽然雌激素对GnRH神经元功能的影响长期以来一直被认为是间接的,因为推测GnRH神经元中缺乏雌激素受体,但替代雌激素信号传导途径的鉴定,包括雌激素受体(ER)β和膜ER,如GPR 30,已经将焦点重新放在雌激素在GnRH神经元本身水平的作用上。介导雌激素作用的一个候选者是雌激素受体的β同种型。我们回顾了ERβ介导的GnRH神经元功能调节作用的证据。
Estrogen regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal activity plays a crucial role in homeostatic regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Estrogen also coordinates a complex series of physiological changes culminating with a surge of gonadotropin secretion that triggers ovulation of a developed follicle from the ovary. The coordinated functions of estrogen ensure that the female will elaborate appropriate reproductive behaviors ultimately designed to deliver sperm to the oocyte and to provide a receptive uterine environment for the fertilized embryo. Although the effects of estrogen on GnRH neuronal function have long been proposed to be indirect due to the presumed lack of estrogen receptors in GnRH neurons, the identification of alternative estrogen signaling pathways, including estrogen receptor (ER)β and membrane ERs such as GPR30, has put the focus back on estrogen’s effect at the level of the GnRH neuron itself. One candidate to mediate the effects of estrogen is the β isoform of the estrogen receptor. We review the evidence for a role for ERβ-mediated regulation of GnRH neuronal function.
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