An Extratropical Cyclone Atlas: A Tool for Illustrating Cyclone Structure and Evolution Characteristics

An Extratropical Cyclone Atlas: A Tool for Illustrating Cyclone Structure and Evolution Characteristics
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温带气旋图集:说明气旋结构和演化特征的工具

DOI:
10.1175/bams-d-11-00164.1
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Stringer M
Stringer M
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stringer M

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Hf Duck,MK Hawcroft,MA Stringer和Ki Hodges的案例研究对温带气旋三维概念模型的生成做出了重要贡献,这些模型为理解其动态演变提供了一个框架。这些概念模式被广泛用于世界各地的教育气象学课程和教材中,以说明温带气旋的基本结构和演变。本文的目的是超越个别案例分析,介绍和推广一套全面的定量分析,描述1989年至2009年200个合成的北大西洋气旋的结构和演变特征。希望温带气旋动力学的教师和研究人员都能利用该地图集中的分析场,该地图集可通过STORMS项目网站(WWW。相遇了。RDG。交流电。英国/~风暴)。摘要中提供了这本地图集如何用于教学的一些例子。该图集是为了探索ERA中期再分析数据中20个冬季确定的200个最强烈的北大西洋气旋的平均结构和演变而制作的。第2节描述了创建复合场的方法。第3节和第4节使用了北大西洋区域产生的气旋结构的垂直和水平组合,以主观地确定冷锋、暖锋和被遮挡的锋面的相对位置及其相关的风和云型等特征。第5节说明了气旋流的演变,如暖、冷传送带和干入侵。第6节给出了一个总结。
BY HF DACRE, MK HAWCROFT, MA STRINGER, AND KI HODGES case studies have contributed significantly to the generation of three-dimensional conceptual models of extratropical cyclones that provide a framework for understanding their dynamical evolution. These conceptual models are widely used in educational meteorology courses and texts throughout the world to illustrate the basic structure and evolution of extratropical cyclones.The aim of this article is to go beyond individual case study analysis and introduce and promote the use of a comprehensive set of quantitative analyses describing the structure and evolution characteristics of 200 composited North Atlantic cyclones from 1989 to 2009. It is hoped that both teachers and researchers of extratropical cyclone dynamics will make use of the analyzed fields in the atlas, which is freely available via the storms project website (www. met. rdg. ac. uk/~ storms). Some examples of how this atlas could be used for teaching are provided in the summary. The atlas has been created to explore the mean structure and evolution of the 200 most intense North Atlantic cyclones identified in 20 winters of the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. The method used to create the composite fields is described in section 2. In sections 3 and 4, vertical and horizontal composites of cyclone structure for cyclones generated in the North Atlantic regions are used to subjectively identify features such as the relative positions of cold, warm, and occluded fronts and their associated wind and cloud patterns. Section 5 illustrates the evolution of cyclonic flows such as the warm and cold conveyor belts and dry intrusion. A summary is presented in section 6.
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