Stress gets into the belly: Early life stress and the gut microbiome.

Stress gets into the belly: Early life stress and the gut microbiome.
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压力进入腹部:早期生活压力和肠道微生物群。

DOI:
10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113474
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发表时间:
2021-09-24
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Zemel BS
Zemel BS
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hantsoo L;Zemel BS

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研究证实,压力“深入皮肤”,影响神经内分泌和神经免疫途径,从而影响身心健康的风险。这些影响对早期生活压力(ELS)或不良童年经历(ACE)尤其显著。在这篇综述中,我们探索压力是否“进入腹部”,即心理社会压力是否影响肠道微生物群。我们回顾了利用各种应激范式(急性实验室应激源、慢性应激、应激性生活事件、感知应激、ELS、宫内应激)及其对肠道微生物区系的影响的动物和人类研究,尤其是ELS。我们还回顾了有关饮食干预的数据,以缓解压力对肠道微生物群的影响。我们的综述表明,强烈的证据表明,急性实验室应激、慢性应激和ELS会影响啮齿动物的肠道微生物区系,而且越来越多的证据表明,感知到的压力和ELS可能会影响人类的肠道微生物区系。新出现的数据还表明,特别是在啮齿动物中,饮食干预措施,如omega-3脂肪酸以及前和益生菌,可能会缓冲应激对肠道微生物群的影响,但还需要更多的研究。总而言之,越来越多的证据表明,压力不仅会影响神经内分泌和神经免疫轴,还会影响微生物-肠道-脑轴,从而提供了一条途径,通过这种途径,压力可能会“进入肚子”,影响健康风险。
Research has established that stress “gets under the skin,” impacting neuroendocrine and neuroimmune pathways to influence risk for physical and mental health outcomes. These effects can be particularly significant for early life stress (ELS), or adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). In this review, we explore whether stress gets “into the belly,” that is, whether psychosocial stress affects the gut microbiome. We review animal and human research utilizing a variety of stress paradigms (acute laboratory stressors, chronic stress, stressful life events, perceived stress, ELS, in utero stress) and their impacts on the gut microbiota, with a particular focus on ELS. We also review data on dietary interventions to moderate impact of stress on the gut microbiome. Our review suggests strong evidence that acute laboratory stress, chronic stress, and ELS affect the gut microbiota in rodents, and growing evidence that perceived stress and ELS may impact the gut microbiota in humans. Emerging data also suggests, particularly in rodents, that dietary interventions such as omega-3 fatty acids and pre- and pro-biotics may buffer against the effects of stress on the gut microbiome, but more research is needed. In sum, growing evidence suggests that stress impacts not only the neuroendocrine and neuroimmune axes, but also the microbiota-gut-brain-axis, providing a pathway by which stress may get “into the belly” to influence health risk.
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