Socio-Environmental Health Analysis in Nogales, Sonora, Mexico.
Socio-Environmental Health Analysis in Nogales, Sonora, Mexico.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12403-012-0067-x
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发表时间：
2012-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Van Rijn, Saskia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norman, Laura M.;Caldeira, Felipe;Callegary, James;Gray, Floyd;O' Rourke, Mary Kay;Meranza, Veronica;Van Rijn, Saskia
关键词：
在墨西哥索诺拉州的诺加莱斯，一些社区或殖民地通过诺加莱斯市的市政供水系统通过管道间歇性地供水，而其他地区缺乏自来水，依靠卡车或管道供水。这项研究探讨了生活方式，水质和潜在的疾病反应，如腹泻，季节性差异，从科洛尼亚与使用管道水，而不是一个使用替代供水系统。在两个诺加莱斯殖民地的家中，从水龙头或水龙头收集了水样。其中一个科洛尼亚反映了较高的社会环境条件，那里的居民有市政自来水供应（科洛尼亚Lomas de法蒂玛）;第二个科洛尼亚反映了较低的社会环境条件，没有自来水供应，只有管道供水（科洛尼亚Luis Donaldo Colosio）。制定并实施了一项调查，以描述对水质、健康影响和生活质量的看法。对水样进行了微生物和无机水质参数分析，这些参数已知会影响人类健康，包括大肠杆菌（E。大肠杆菌）、总大肠菌群、砷和铅。共有21户家庭同意参加这项研究（14户在Colosio，7户在法蒂玛）。在这两个殖民地，水样中的金属浓度都远低于美国环境保护署的最高污染物水平。E. Colosio的大肠杆菌浓度超过了美国环保署的饮用水标准，但法蒂玛没有。两个殖民地超过50%的家庭中存在总大肠菌群。微生物污染是显着高于在两个殖民地的夏季比冬季。结果分析表明，没有自来水的科洛尼亚居民因饮用不合格的饮用水而患胃肠道疾病的风险更大。我们的调查证实了夏季胃肠道疾病的报告，但不是在冬季。发现Colosio中的氯化物含量显着较高（中位数为29.2 mg/L），但仍低于美国环保局规定的最高污染物水平250 mg/L。正在进行的两国合作可以促进改善美墨边境城市水质的机制。
In Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, some neighborhoods, or colonias, have intermittent delivery of water through pipes from the city of Nogales’s municipal water-delivery system while other areas lack piped water and rely on water delivered by truck or pipas. This research examined how lifestyles, water quality, and potential disease response, such as diarrhea, differs seasonally from a colonia with access to piped water as opposed to one using alternative water-delivery systems. Water samples were collected from taps or spigots at homes in two Nogales colonias. One colonia reflected high socio-environmental conditions where residents are supplied with municipal piped water (Colonia Lomas de Fatima); the second colonia reflected low socio-environmental conditions, lacking access to piped water and served by pipas (Colonia Luis Donaldo Colosio). A survey was developed and implemented to characterize perceptions of water quality, health impacts, and quality of life. Water samples were analyzed for microbial and inorganic water-quality parameters known to impact human health including, Escherichia coli (E. coli), total coliform bacteria, arsenic, and lead. A total of 21 households agreed to participate in the study (14 in Colosio and 7 in Fatima). In both colonias metal concentrations from water samples were all well below the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (US EPA’s) maximum contaminant levels. E. coli concentrations exceeded the US EPA’s drinking-water standard in Colosio but not Fatima. Total coliform bacteria were present in over 50 % of households in both colonias. Microbial contamination was significantly higher in the summer than in the winter in both colonias. Resulting analysis suggests that residents in colonias without piped water are at a greater risk of gastrointestinal illness from consumption of compromised drinking water. Our survey corroborated reports of gastrointestinal illness in the summer months but not in the winter. Chloride was found to be significantly greater in Colosio (median 29.2 mg/L) although still below the US EPA’s maximum contaminant levels of 250 mg/L. Ongoing binational collaboration can promote mechanisms to improve water quality in cities located in the US–Mexico border.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
INGRAM, H;MILICH, L;VARADY, RG
通讯作者：
VARADY, RG
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Brown, C
通讯作者：
Brown, C
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4.2
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Hunter, JB;de Zapien, JG;Giuliano, AR
通讯作者：
Giuliano, AR
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12.7
作者：
Curriero, FC;Patz, JA;Lele, S
通讯作者：
Lele, S
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1
作者：
Lara-Valencia, Francisco;Declet-Barreto, Juan;Keys, Eric
通讯作者：
Keys, Eric