The endothelial glycocalyx: composition, functions, and visualization.

The endothelial glycocalyx: composition, functions, and visualization.
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内皮糖脂:组成,功能和可视化。

DOI:
10.1007/s00424-007-0212-8
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发表时间:
2007-06
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
Egbrink, Mirjam G. A. oude
Egbrink, Mirjam G. A. oude
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reitsma, Sietze;Slaaf, Dick W.;Vink, Hans;van Zandvoort, Marc A. M. J.;Egbrink, Mirjam G. A. oude

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本文就内皮糖萼的组成和功能作一综述。内皮糖萼是膜结合蛋白多糖和糖蛋白的网络,覆盖在内皮的管腔内。内皮和血浆来源的可溶性分子都整合到该网状物中。在过去的十年中,人们已经深入了解了糖萼在血管生理学和病理学中的作用,包括机械转导、止血、信号传导和血细胞-血管壁相互作用。糖萼对糖尿病,缺血/再灌注,动脉粥样硬化的贡献也进行了审查。来自微循环和大循环的实验数据暗示了糖萼的血管保护作用。评估内皮糖萼的这种可能的作用需要可靠的可视化这一微妙的层,这是一个巨大的挑战。概述了各种方式,其中内皮糖萼已经可视化到现在为止,包括第一个数据从双光子显微成像。
This review aims at presenting state-of-the-art knowledge on the composition and functions of the endothelial glycocalyx. The endothelial glycocalyx is a network of membrane-bound proteoglycans and glycoproteins, covering the endothelium luminally. Both endothelium- and plasma-derived soluble molecules integrate into this mesh. Over the past decade, insight has been gained into the role of the glycocalyx in vascular physiology and pathology, including mechanotransduction, hemostasis, signaling, and blood cell–vessel wall interactions. The contribution of the glycocalyx to diabetes, ischemia/reperfusion, and atherosclerosis is also reviewed. Experimental data from the micro- and macrocirculation alludes at a vasculoprotective role for the glycocalyx. Assessing this possible role of the endothelial glycocalyx requires reliable visualization of this delicate layer, which is a great challenge. An overview is given of the various ways in which the endothelial glycocalyx has been visualized up to now, including first data from two-photon microscopic imaging.
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