Ambiguous roles of innate lymphoid cells in chronic development of liver diseases.

Ambiguous roles of innate lymphoid cells in chronic development of liver diseases.
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先天淋巴细胞在肝病慢性发展中的模糊作用

DOI:
10.3748/wjg.v24.i18.1962
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发表时间:
2018-05-14
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Jiang W
Jiang W
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shen Y;Li J;Wang SQ;Jiang W

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固有淋巴细胞(ILCs)被定义为固有免疫的一个独特分支。根据其分泌细胞因子的情况以及谱系特异性转录因子的特征,ILCs可分为以下三组:第1组ILCs(包括自然杀伤细胞(NK)和ILC1s)依赖于T - bet,可产生干扰素 - γ;第2组ILCs(ILC2s)依赖于GATA3,可产生2型细胞因子,包括白细胞介素(IL)- 5和IL - 13;第3组ILCs(包括类淋巴组织细胞和ILC3s)依赖于RORγt,可产生IL - 22和IL - 17。ILCs与适应性免疫协同作用,是高度反应性的固有效应细胞,能迅速协调免疫、炎症和组织修复。ILCs的失调可能导致炎症性疾病。关于肝内ILCs功能的证据正从炎症性肝病的纵向研究中不断涌现,在这些疾病中它们发挥着生理和病理功能,包括免疫稳态、防御和监视。它们对肝脏的总体影响取决于其促炎和抗炎细胞群的平衡、特定的微环境以及免疫反应的阶段。在此,我们综述了有关ILCs在慢性肝病进展中的现有数据,以揭示它们在不同阶段的作用,并讨论它们作为干预靶点的治疗潜力。
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are defined as a distinct arm of innate immunity. According to their profile of secreted cytokines and lineage-specific transcriptional factors, ILCs can be categorized into the following three groups: group 1 ILCs (including natural killer (NK) cells and ILC1s) are dependent on T-bet and can produce interferon-γ; group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are dependent on GATA3 and can produce type 2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13; and, group 3 ILCs (including lymphoid tissue-like cells and ILC3s) are dependent on RORγt and can produce IL-22 and IL-17. Collaborative with adaptive immunity, ILCs are highly reactive innate effectors that promptly orchestrate immunity, inflammation and tissue repair. Dysregulation of ILCs might result in inflammatory disorders. Evidence regarding the function of intrahepatic ILCs is emerging from longitudinal studies of inflammatory liver diseases wherein they exert both physiological and pathological functions, including immune homeostasis, defenses and surveillance. Their overall effect on the liver depends on the balance of their proinflammatory and antiinflammatory populations, specific microenvironment and stages of immune responses. Here, we review the current data about ILCs in chronic liver disease progression, to reveal their roles in different stages as well as to discuss their therapeutic potency as intervention targets.
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