Constraining the interior of extrasolar giant planets with the tidal Love number k_2 using the example of HAT-P-13b
Constraining the interior of extrasolar giant planets with the tidal Love number k_2 using the example of HAT-P-13b
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以 HAT-P-13b 为例,用潮汐爱数 k_2 约束太阳系外巨行星的内部
DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201118141
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Redmer R.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
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作者:
Kramm U;Nettelmann N;Fortney J.J;Neuhäuser R;Redmer R.
ContextTransit and radial velocity observations continuously discover an increasing number of exoplanets. However, when it comes to the composition of the observed planets the data are compatible with several interior structure models. Thus, a planetary parameter sensitive to the planet’s density distribution could help constrain this large number of possible models even further.AimsWe aim to investigate to what extent an exoplanet’s interior can be constrained in terms of core mass and envelope metallicity by taking the tidal Love numberk2into account as an additional, possibly observable parameter.MethodsBecause it is the only planet with an observationally determinedk2, we constructed interior models for the Hot Jupiter exoplanet HAT-P-13b by solving the equations of hydrostatic equilibrium and mass conservation for different boundary conditions. In particular, we varied the surface temperature and the outer temperature profile, as well as the envelope metallicity within the widest possible parameter range. We also considered atmospheric conditions that are consistent with nongray atmosphere models. For all these models we calculated the Love numberk2and compared it to the allowed range ofk2values that could be obtained from eccentricity measurements of HAT-P-13b.ResultsWe use the example of HAT-P-13b to show the general relationships between the quantities temperature, envelope metallicity, core mass, and Love number of a planet. For any givenk2value a maximum possible core mass can be determined. For HAT-P-13b we findMcore< 27M⊕, based on the latest eccentricity measurement. We favor models that are consistent with our model atmosphere, which gives us the temperature of the isothermal region as ~2100 K. With this external boundary condition and our newk2-interval we are able to constrain both the envelope and bulk metallicity of HAT-P-13b to 1−11 times stellar metallicity and the extension of the isothermal layer in the planet’s atmosphere to 3−44 bar. Assuming equilibrium tidal theory, we find lower limits on the tidalQconsistent with 103−105.ConclusionsOur analysis shows that the tidal Love numberk2is a very useful parameter for studying the interior of exoplanets. It allows one to place limits on the core mass and estimate the metallicity of a planet’s envelope.
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DOI:
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
T. Beatty;S. Seager
通讯作者:
S. Seager
DOI:
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
A. Love
通讯作者:
A. Love
DOI:
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
N. Nettelmann
通讯作者:
N. Nettelmann
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637x/707/1/446
发表时间:
2009-07
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子:
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作者:
G. Bakos;A. Howard;R. W. Noyes;J. Hartman;G. Torres;G. Kovács;D. Fischer;D. Latham;J. Johnson;G. Marcy;D. Sasselov;R. Stefanik;B. Sipocz;Gabor Kovacs;G. Esquerdo;A. Pál;J. Lázár;I. P. CfA;Nsf Fellow;Ucb;K. Observatory;Sfsu;Ifa;D. Astronomy;Elte;Hungarian Astronomical Association
通讯作者:
G. Bakos;A. Howard;R. W. Noyes;J. Hartman;G. Torres;G. Kovács;D. Fischer;D. Latham;J. Johnson;G. Marcy;D. Sasselov;R. Stefanik;B. Sipocz;Gabor Kovacs;G. Esquerdo;A. Pál;J. Lázár;I. P. CfA;Nsf Fellow;Ucb;K. Observatory;Sfsu;Ifa;D. Astronomy;Elte;Hungarian Astronomical Association
DOI:
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发表时间:
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期刊:
arXiv: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
影响因子:
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作者:
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