Challenges in immunotherapy presented by the glioblastoma multiforme microenvironment.

Challenges in immunotherapy presented by the glioblastoma multiforme microenvironment.
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DOI:
10.1155/2011/732413
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lim M
Lim M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jackson C;Ruzevick J;Phallen J;Belcaid Z;Lim M

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多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是成人中最常见和最具侵袭性的原发性脑肿瘤。尽管进行了强化治疗,但GBM患者的预后仍然严峻,中位生存期仅为14.6个月。免疫疗法已成为治疗许多癌症的有前途的方法,并提供细胞水平特异性的优势和产生持久免疫监视的潜力。肿瘤微环境的复杂性对GBM免疫疗法的发展构成了重大挑战,因为多种信号传导途径、细胞因子和细胞类型复杂地协调以产生免疫抑制环境。新的免疫治疗方法的发展经常揭示肿瘤介导的免疫抑制的新机制。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了许多目前的免疫治疗方法,并重点关注肿瘤微环境所带来的挑战。
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite intensive treatment, the prognosis for patients with GBM remains grim with a median survival of only 14.6 months. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating many cancers and affords the advantages of cellular-level specificity and the potential to generate durable immune surveillance. The complexity of the tumor microenvironment poses a significant challenge to the development of immunotherapy for GBM, as multiple signaling pathways, cytokines, and cell types are intricately coordinated to generate an immunosuppressive milieu. The development of new immunotherapy approaches frequently uncovers new mechanisms of tumor-mediated immunosuppression. In this review, we discuss many of the current approaches to immunotherapy and focus on the challenges presented by the tumor microenvironment.
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