Discovery of hundreds of mirtrons in mouse and human small RNA data.

Discovery of hundreds of mirtrons in mouse and human small RNA data.
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DOI:
10.1101/gr.133553.111
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发表时间:
2012-09
期刊:
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Lai EC
Lai EC
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ladewig E;Okamura K;Flynt AS;Westholm JO;Lai EC

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非典型的miRNA底物不符合通常用于注释典型miRNA的标准,并且可以逃避miRNA基因发现者的注意。最近的分析扩大了无脊椎动物剪接衍生的miRNA(“mirtron”)的目录,但迄今为止只有几十个哺乳动物mirtron被识别。我们对737个小鼠和人类小RNA数据集进行了荟萃分析,包括28.3亿个原始读数。使用严格和保守的标准,我们为237个小鼠和240个人类剪接衍生的miRNA提供了可靠的注释,其中绝大多数是新基因。这些包括哺乳动物中三类剪接衍生的miRNAs:常规miRNAs、5′-tailed miRNAs和3′-tailed miRNAs。此外,我们还分离了数百个具有候选(通常是令人信服的)证据的人类和小鼠基因座。大多数这些位点出现相对最近在各自的血统。然而,在每三个mirtron类中的一些成员是保守的,这表明它们被纳入有益的调控网络。我们还提供了哺乳动物mirtron的第一个北方验证,并证明了Dicer依赖性协会的成熟miRNAs从所有三类mirtron与Ago 2。数百种哺乳动物mirtron的识别为理解哺乳动物中Dicer底物的范围和进化动力学提供了新的基础。
Atypical miRNA substrates do not fit criteria often used to annotate canonical miRNAs, and can escape the notice of miRNA genefinders. Recent analyses expanded the catalogs of invertebrate splicing-derived miRNAs (“mirtrons”), but only a few tens of mammalian mirtrons have been recognized to date. We performed meta-analysis of 737 mouse and human small RNA data sets comprising 2.83 billion raw reads. Using strict and conservative criteria, we provide confident annotation for 237 mouse and 240 human splicing-derived miRNAs, the vast majority of which are novel genes. These comprise three classes of splicing-derived miRNAs in mammals: conventional mirtrons, 5′-tailed mirtrons, and 3′-tailed mirtrons. In addition, we segregated several hundred additional human and mouse loci with candidate (and often compelling) evidence. Most of these loci arose relatively recently in their respective lineages. Nevertheless, some members in each of the three mirtron classes are conserved, indicating their incorporation into beneficial regulatory networks. We also provide the first Northern validation for mammalian mirtrons, and demonstrate Dicer-dependent association of mature miRNAs from all three classes of mirtrons with Ago2. The recognition of hundreds of mammalian mirtrons provides a new foundation for understanding the scope and evolutionary dynamics of Dicer substrates in mammals.
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