Systematic mutational analysis of the intracellular regions of yeast Gap1 permease.

Systematic mutational analysis of the intracellular regions of yeast Gap1 permease.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0018457
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发表时间:
2011-04-19
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
André B
André B
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Merhi A;Gérard N;Lauwers E;Prévost M;André B

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酵母通用氨基酸通透酶 Gap1 是研究膜蛋白细胞内运输的便捷模型。当氮源不足时,它存在于质膜上,在添加良好的氮源(例如铵)时,它会经历泛素依赖性内吞作用和降解。它包含 12 个跨膜结构域 (TM),两侧是面向细胞质的 N 端和 C 端尾部 (NT、CT)。 Gap1 的 NT 包含用于泛素化的受体赖氨酸,其 CT 包含从内质网 (ER) 退出所必需的序列。我们使用丙氨酸扫描诱变分离出 64 个在 NT、CT 或 5 个 TM 连接细胞内环(L2、-4、-6、-8 和 -10)之一发生改变的突变 Gap1 蛋白。我们发现 17 个突变(L2、L8、L10 和 CT)损害了 Gap1 从 ER 的退出。在正常到达质膜的 47 种突变蛋白中,有 2 种即使在氮源较差的情况下也不稳定并迅速下调。另外 6 个完全不活跃,另外 4 个 NT 中 16 个氨基酸序列发生改变,对铵诱导的下调具有抵抗力。最后,L6 的突变导致 Gap1 从分泌途径到液泡的错配。有趣的是,这种直接的液泡排序似乎与 Gap1 泛素化无关。这项研究说明了 Gap1 的多个细胞内区域在其分泌、转运活性和下调中的重要性。
The yeast general amino acid permease Gap1 is a convenient model for studying the intracellular trafficking of membrane proteins. Present at the plasma membrane when the nitrogen source is poor, it undergoes ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis and degradation upon addition of a good nitrogen source, e.g., ammonium. It comprises 12 transmembrane domains (TM) flanked by cytosol-facing N- and C-terminal tails (NT, CT). The NT of Gap1 contains the acceptor lysines for ubiquitylation and its CT includes a sequence essential to exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We used alanine-scanning mutagenesis to isolate 64 mutant Gap1 proteins altered in the NT, the CT, or one of the five TM-connecting intracellular loops (L2, -4, -6, -8 and -10). We found 17 mutations (in L2, L8, L10 and CT) impairing Gap1 exit from the ER. Of the 47 mutant proteins reaching the plasma membrane normally, two are unstable and rapidly down-regulated even when the nitrogen source is poor. Six others are totally inactive and another four, altered in a 16-amino-acid sequence in the NT, are resistant to ammonium-induced down-regulation. Finally, a mutation in L6 causes missorting of Gap1 from the secretory pathway to the vacuole. Interestingly, this direct vacuolar sorting seems to be independent of Gap1 ubiquitylation. This study illustrates the importance of multiple intracellular regions of Gap1 in its secretion, transport activity, and down-regulation.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_18010077.x
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