Parents’ Beliefs about High School Students’ Spatial Abilities: Gender Differences and Associations with Parent Encouragement to Pursue a STEM Career and Students’ STEM Career Intentions

Parents’ Beliefs about High School Students’ Spatial Abilities: Gender Differences and Associations with Parent Encouragement to Pursue a STEM Career and Students’ STEM Career Intentions
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家长对高中生的信念 — 空间能力:性别差异以及家长鼓励追求 STEM 职业和学生的关联 — STEM 职业意向

DOI:
10.1007/s11199-019-01072-6
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Uttal, David H
Uttal, David H
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Muenks, Katherine;Peterson, Emily Grossnickle;Green, Adam E;Kolvoord, Robert A;Uttal, David H

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在本研究中,我们调查了父母对高中年龄青少年空间能力的信念(即,空间视觉化、心理操纵和导航能力)根据孩子的性别而不同。我们还研究了这些信念是否与父母鼓励他们的孩子追求科学,技术,工程或数学(STEM)职业以及学生的实际STEM专业和职业意图有关。数据来自117对美国高中生和他们的父母。我们发现,年轻男性的父母认为他们的孩子比年轻女性的父母有更高的心理操纵和导航能力,即使在统计控制了青少年的实际空间能力之后。那些认为自己的孩子有更高的心理操纵能力的父母更有可能鼓励他们的孩子追求STEM职业,而这些学生更有可能报告他们打算追求STEM职业。这些发现表明,父母对孩子在空间任务中表现如何的信念可能更多地基于性别刻板印象,而不是孩子的实际空间能力。帮助父母了解这些信念可能是增加妇女参与STEM职业的潜在干预手段。
In the present study, we investigated whether parents’ beliefs about their high school aged adolescents’ spatial abilities (i.e., spatial visualization, mental manipulation, and navigation abilities) differed based on their child’s gender. We also examined whether these beliefs related to parents’ encouragement of their child to pursue a Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics (STEM) career as well as students’ actual STEM major and career intentions. Data were collected from 117 pairs of U.S. high school students and one of their parents. We found that parents of young men thought their child had higher mental manipulation and navigation abilities than did parents of young women, even after statistically controlling for adolescents’ actual spatial abilities. Parents who perceived that their child had higher mental manipulation ability were more likely to encourage their child to pursue a STEM career, and those students were more likely to report that they intended to pursue a STEM career. These findings suggest that parents’ beliefs about how good their child is at spatial tasks may be based more strongly on gender stereotypes than on their child’s actual spatial abilities. Helping to make parents aware of these beliefs could be a potential lever of intervention to increase women’s participation in STEM careers.
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