Was Henry David Thoreau a Good Naturalist? An Approach for Assessing Data from Historical Natural History Records

Was Henry David Thoreau a Good Naturalist? An Approach for Assessing Data from Historical Natural History Records
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亨利·大卫·梭罗是一位优秀的博物学家吗?

DOI:
10.1093/biosci/biac063
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
10.1
通讯作者:
Miller, Tara K
Miller, Tara K
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Primack, Richard B;Miller-Rushing, Abraham J;Miller, Tara K

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生态学家越来越多地将自然学家的历史观察与现代观察相结合,以检测气候变化的生态影响。这种对历史观测的使用提出了以下问题:我们如何知道历史数据适合用于回答当前的生态问题?在本文中,我们解决这个问题的环境哲学家亨利大卫梭罗,作者瓦尔登湖。我们应该相信他的观察吗?我们定性和定量评估梭罗的意见,使用三个步骤的框架:我们评估的严谨性,准确性和实用性,他的意见,调查随着时间的推移,植物和动物的变化。梭罗是一位对自然的准确观察者和可靠的科学家。更重要的是,我们描述了这个简单的三步方法可以用来评估其他科学家和自然学家的准确性。
Ecologists are increasingly combining historical observations made by naturalists with modern observations to detect the ecological effects of climate change. This use of historical observations raises the following question: How do we know that historical data are appropriate to use to answer current ecological questions? In the present article, we address this question for environmental philosopher Henry David Thoreau, author ofWalden. Should we trust his observations? We qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate Thoreau's observations using a three-step framework: We assess the rigor, accuracy, and utility of his observations to investigate changes in plants and animals over time. We conclude that Thoreau was an accurate observer of nature and a reliable scientist. More importantly, we describe how this simple three-step approach could be used to assess the accuracy of other scientists and naturalists.
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