Stand dieback and collapse in a temperate forest and its impact on forest structure and biodiversity
Stand dieback and collapse in a temperate forest and its impact on forest structure and biodiversity
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温带森林的枯死和倒塌及其对森林结构和生物多样性的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2015.08.033
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Martin P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin P
人们越来越关注许多森林生态系统中发生的大规模枯梢病。然而，对枯死过程及其潜在影响的了解有限，部分原因是缺乏对发生枯死的林分的长期监测数据。在这里，我们收集了超过50年的监测数据，沿沿着两个样带在温带森林生态系统，其中冠层占主导地位的山毛榉（山毛榉）。已经出现了严重的枯死我们的研究结果表明，断面积在森林中下降了33%，幼树密度也减少了约70%。近几十年来，特别是在1995年，生长季节的气温稳步上升，发生了一些干旱，造成气候缺水。我们假设这些干旱可能与新的病原真菌相互作用，导致大树死亡。在树木群落变化、地面植物群物种丰富度和草地覆盖率方面观察到BA损失的电流响应，提供了与林分枯梢病相关的阈值证据。证据还表明，英航一旦下跌，就无法复苏。地面植物群物种丰富度和草被的断面积变化的临界值是从初始值下降40%左右。虽然这些变化是巨大的，但它们不能被认为是一种制度的转变，因为可能导致生态系统转变的压力，干旱，致病真菌和过度放牧，正在进行中。虽然管理人员可能会考虑接受森林枯死作为系统对新环境条件的适应性反应的一部分，但这可能与生物多样性和生态系统服务提供方面的重大变化有关。
Concern is increasing about large-scale dieback that is occurring in many forest ecosystems. However, understanding of the processes of dieback and its potential impacts is limited, partly owing to the lack of long-term monitoring data for forest stands in which dieback has occurred. Here we present monitoring data collected over 50 years along two transects in a temperate forest ecosystem, in which the canopy dominant beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) has demonstrated significant dieback. Our results show that basal area in the forest has declined by 33%, and juvenile tree densities have also been reduced by approximately 70%. Growing season temperatures have steadily increased and there have been a number of droughts causing climatic water deficits in recent decades, particularly in 1995. We hypothesise that these droughts may have interacted with novel pathogenic fungi to cause mortality of large trees. Curvilinear responses to BA loss were observed in tree community change, ground flora species richness, and percentage cover of grass, providing evidence of thresholds associated with stand dieback. Evidence also suggested that BA failed to recover once it declined. Critical values of basal area for a change in ground flora species richness and grass cover were around 40% decline from initial values. While these changes are dramatic, they cannot be considered a regime shift as the pressures that may have contributed to the ecosystem transition, drought, pathogenic fungi and overgrazing, are on-going. While managers might consider accepting forest dieback as part of an adaptive response of the system to novel environmental conditions, this would likely be associated with significant change in biodiversity and ecosystem service provision.
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森林牧场管理的长期变化和影响：新森林丹尼伍德 40 多年的经验
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
E. P. Mountford;G. Peterken
通讯作者：
G. Peterken
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
在牙买加蒙塔尼雨林中使用30年来监控的永久性地块对森林恢复的评估。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chai SL;Healey JR;Tanner EV
通讯作者：
Tanner EV
恢复森林复原力：一个可以实现的目标吗？
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Newton A
通讯作者：
Newton A
JST 我的门户 中川
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