The GTPase Rem2 regulates synapse development and dendritic morphology.

The GTPase Rem2 regulates synapse development and dendritic morphology.
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DOI:
10.1002/dneu.20868
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发表时间:
2011-05
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Paradis, Suzanne
Paradis, Suzanne
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ghiretti, Amy E.;Paradis, Suzanne

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Rem 2是小Ras样GTP酶的Rad/Rem/Rem 2/Gem/Kir(RGK)亚家族的成员,其被鉴定为突触发育的重要介质。我们使用RNAi对培养的海马神经元中的Rem 2功能进行了全面的功能丧失分析,以大幅降低Rem 2蛋白水平。我们发现Rem 2的敲低降低了树突棘的密度和成熟度,树突棘是海马锥体神经元上兴奋性突触的主要部位。敲除Rem 2也改变了树突状分支的总体形态,增加了树突分支的数量,而不改变总的神经突长度。因此,Rem 2的功能是抑制树突分支并促进树突棘和兴奋性突触的发育。有趣的是,与钙结合蛋白钙调素(CaM)的结合是Rem 2调节树突状分支所必需的。然而,这种相互作用对于突触的发育来说是完全不可能的。总之,我们的研究结果表明,Rem 2调节树突状细胞的分支和突触发育通过不同的和重叠的信号转导途径。
Rem2 is a member of the Rad/Rem/Rem2/Gem/Kir (RGK) subfamily of small Ras-like GTPases that was identified as an important mediator of synapse development. We performed a comprehensive, loss-of-function analysis of Rem2 function in cultured hippocampal neurons using RNAi to substantially decrease Rem2 protein levels. We found that knockdown of Rem2 decreases the density and maturity of dendritic spines, the primary site of excitatory synapses onto pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus. Knockdown of Rem2 also alters the gross morphology of dendritic arborizations, increasing the number of dendritic branches without altering total neurite length. Thus, Rem2 functions to inhibit dendritic branching and promote the development of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses. Interestingly, binding to the calcium binding protein calmodulin (CaM) is required for Rem2 regulation of dendritic branching. However, this interaction is completely dispensable for synapse development. Overall, our results suggest that Rem2 regulates dendritic branching and synapse development via distinct and overlapping signal transduction pathways.
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