TransMorph: Transformer for unsupervised medical image registration.

TransMorph: Transformer for unsupervised medical image registration.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.media.2022.102615
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发表时间:
2022-11
影响因子:
10.9
通讯作者:
Du, Yong
Du, Yong
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Junyu;Frey, Eric C.;He, Yufan;Segars, William P.;Li, Ye;Du, Yong

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在过去的十年中,卷积神经网络(ConvNets)一直是医学图像分析研究的主要焦点。然而,ConvNets的性能可能会受到缺乏对图像中的远程空间关系的明确考虑的限制。最近,Vision Transformer架构被提出来解决ConvNets的缺点,并在许多医学成像应用中产生了最先进的性能。变压器可能是一个强有力的候选人的图像配准,因为他们的实质上更大的感受野,使运动和固定图像之间的空间对应关系的更精确的理解。在这里,我们提出了transMorph,一个混合的transformer-ConvNet模型的体积医学图像配准。本文还介绍了transMorph的非纯变体和贝叶斯变体:非纯变体确保拓扑保持变形,贝叶斯变体产生校准良好的配准不确定性估计。我们广泛验证了所提出的模型,使用三维医学图像从三个应用程序:患者间和图集到患者的大脑MRI配准和幻影到CT配准。所提出的模型进行评估,比较各种现有的注册方法和Transformer架构。定性和定量的结果表明,所提出的基于变压器的模型导致了一个显着的性能改善的基线方法,确认变压器的有效性的医学图像配准。
In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have been a major focus of research in medical image analysis. However, the performances of ConvNets may be limited by a lack of explicit consideration of the long-range spatial relationships in an image. Recently Vision Transformer architectures have been proposed to address the shortcomings of ConvNets and have produced state-of-the-art performances in many medical imaging applications. Transformers may be a strong candidate for image registration because their substantially larger receptive field enables a more precise comprehension of the spatial correspondence between moving and fixed images. Here, we present TransMorph, a hybrid Transformer-ConvNet model for volumetric medical image registration. This paper also presents diffeomorphic and Bayesian variants of TransMorph: the diffeomorphic variants ensure the topology-preserving deformations, and the Bayesian variant produces a well-calibrated registration uncertainty estimate. We extensively validated the proposed models using 3D medical images from three applications: inter-patient and atlas-to-patient brain MRI registration and phantom-to-CT registration. The proposed models are evaluated in comparison to a variety of existing registration methods and Transformer architectures. Qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that the proposed Transformer-based model leads to a substantial performance improvement over the baseline methods, confirming the effectiveness of Transformers for medical image registration.
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