Early-onset drug use and risk for drug dependence problems.

Early-onset drug use and risk for drug dependence problems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.021
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发表时间:
2009-03
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Anthony, James C.
Anthony, James C.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Chuan-Yu;Storr, Carla L.;Anthony, James C.

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有大量证据表明,酒精、烟草和大麻依赖问题在成年前开始使用这些药物时会更快地出现,但基于其他国际管制药物的证据(例如,可卡因)是微薄的。重点放在第一次吸毒后长达24个月的时间间隔,我们研究了与药物依赖相关的早期临床特征的药物特异性和年龄特异性变化。根据2000-2002年进行的美国全国药物使用和健康调查(NSDUH),与成年近期使用者相比,可卡因、除可卡因外的精神兴奋剂药物、镇痛药、抗焦虑药、吸入剂药物和大麻的青少年近期使用者经历药物依赖问题的风险明显更大(比值比=1.5~4.3,p<0.05)。NSDUH致幻剂组的情况并非如此(例如,LSD)。青少年发病相关的过度风险在所有临床特征中并不恒定。我们的证据表明,促进早期发现和干预,以及更大的家长和同龄人的药物依赖的临床特征,可能会发展早期的年轻人谁刚刚开始使用毒品的认识。
There is substantial evidence that alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis dependence problems surface more quickly when use of these drugs starts before adulthood, but the evidence based on other internationally regulated drugs (e.g., cocaine) is meager. With focus on an interval of up to 24 months following first drug use, we examine drug-specific and age-specific variation in profiles of early-emerging clinical features associated with drug dependence. Based upon the United States National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) conducted in 2000–2002, the risk of experiencing drug dependence problems was robustly greater for adolescent recent-onset users of cocaine, psychostimulant drugs other than cocaine, analgesics, anxiolytic medicines, inhalants drugs, and cannabis, as compared to adult recent-onset users (odds ratio=1.5~4.3, p<0.05). This was not the case for the NSDUH hallucinogens group (e.g., LSD). The adolescent onset associated excess risk was not constant across all clinical features. Our evidence suggests promoting earlier detection and interventions, as well as greater parent and peer awareness of drug dependence clinical features that may develop early among young people who have just started using drugs.
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