The Algal Chloroplast as a Testbed for Synthetic Biology Designs Aimed at Radically Rewiring Plant Metabolism.
The Algal Chloroplast as a Testbed for Synthetic Biology Designs Aimed at Radically Rewiring Plant Metabolism.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2021.708370
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Purton S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson HO;Taunt HN;Mordaka PM;Smith AG;Purton S
要为不断增长的全球人口提供可持续和经济上可行的支持，就需要改变农业生产力的模式，包括应用生物技术培育未来的农作物。目前的基因工程方法旨在提高收获组织的光合作用效率或成分，涉及相对简单的内源新陈代谢操作。然而，要真正带来重大的阶段性变化，可能需要使用新的自然途径，即所谓的“合成新陈代谢”，对中枢新陈代谢进行彻底的重新连接。在许多情况下，这将需要通过叶绿体和核工程的组合来重新编程叶绿体或非绿色组织中的其他质体的新陈代谢。然而，目前对植物进行复杂的叶绿体工程(“转体组学”)的技术仅限于少数物种。此外，考虑到植物模型的专性光营养、创建稳定的非嵌合跨体体系所需的较长时间以及与整个植物再生相关的技术挑战，测试植物模型的叶绿体中的代谢重连通常是不切实际的。相比之下，单细胞绿藻莱茵衣藻是一种兼性异养藻类，允许广泛修改叶绿体功能，包括非光合作用设计。此外，莱茵哈蒂叶绿体工程非常简单，能够在几周内产生新的线条，并且定义良好的分子工具箱允许现代合成生物学方法的“设计-构建-测试-学习”(DBTL)循环的快速迭代。设计和构建转基因簇的组合DNA组装管道的最新发展，将这些簇以无标记的方式输送到叶绿体基因组的简单方法，以及关于莱茵梭子藻叶绿体基因表达和调控的先前存在的丰富知识，进一步增加了利用这种生物的转基因再生体学的多功能性。在这里，我们回顾了藻类叶绿体作为代谢工程设计的简单和易处理的试验床的固有优势，然后可以在高等植物中实施。
Sustainable and economically viable support for an ever-increasing global population requires a paradigm shift in agricultural productivity, including the application of biotechnology to generate future crop plants. Current genetic engineering approaches aimed at enhancing the photosynthetic efficiency or composition of the harvested tissues involve relatively simple manipulations of endogenous metabolism. However, radical rewiring of central metabolism using new-to-nature pathways, so-called “synthetic metabolism”, may be needed to really bring about significant step changes. In many cases, this will require re-programming the metabolism of the chloroplast, or other plastids in non-green tissues, through a combination of chloroplast and nuclear engineering. However, current technologies for sophisticated chloroplast engineering (“transplastomics”) of plants are limited to just a handful of species. Moreover, the testing of metabolic rewiring in the chloroplast of plant models is often impractical given their obligate phototrophy, the extended time needed to create stable non-chimeric transplastomic lines, and the technical challenges associated with regeneration of whole plants. In contrast, the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a facultative heterotroph that allows for extensive modification of chloroplast function, including non-photosynthetic designs. Moreover, chloroplast engineering in C. reinhardtii is facile, with the ability to generate novel lines in a matter of weeks, and a well-defined molecular toolbox allows for rapid iterations of the “Design-Build-Test-Learn” (DBTL) cycle of modern synthetic biology approaches. The recent development of combinatorial DNA assembly pipelines for designing and building transgene clusters, simple methods for marker-free delivery of these clusters into the chloroplast genome, and the pre-existing wealth of knowledge regarding chloroplast gene expression and regulation in C. reinhardtii further adds to the versatility of transplastomics using this organism. Herein, we review the inherent advantages of the algal chloroplast as a simple and tractable testbed for metabolic engineering designs, which could then be implemented in higher plants.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1191652
发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ajikumar PK;Xiao WH;Tyo KE;Wang Y;Simeon F;Leonard E;Mucha O;Phon TH;Pfeifer B;Stephanopoulos G
通讯作者：
Stephanopoulos G
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Boehm, Christian R.;Bock, Ralph
通讯作者：
Bock, Ralph
DOI：
10.1016/j.algal.2020.101921
发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Carrera-Pacheco, Saskya E.;Hankamer, Ben;Oey, Melanie
通讯作者：
Oey, Melanie
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Cummins PL;Kannappan B;Gready JE
通讯作者：
Gready JE
分子因素影响重组蛋白在衣原体中的重组蛋白的积累。
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Coragliotti, Anna T.;Beligni, Maria Veronica;Franklin, Scott E.;Mayfield, Stephen P.
通讯作者：
Mayfield, Stephen P.