FFAT motif phosphorylation controls formation and lipid transfer function of inter-organelle contacts.

FFAT motif phosphorylation controls formation and lipid transfer function of inter-organelle contacts.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.2019104369
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发表时间:
2020-12-01
期刊:
The EMBO journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alpy F
Alpy F
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Di Mattia T;Martinet A;Ikhlef S;McEwen AG;Nominé Y;Wendling C;Poussin-Courmontagne P;Voilquin L;Eberling P;Ruffenach F;Cavarelli J;Slee J;Levine TP;Drin G;Tomasetto C;Alpy F

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细胞器在膜接触部位物理连接。内质网有三个主要的受体,VAP-A、VAP-B和MOSPD2,它们与其他细胞器表面的蛋白质相互作用,建立联系。VAP-A、VAP-B和MOSPD2含有一个MSP结构域,它结合了一个名为FFAT的基序(酸性链中的两个苯丙氨酸)。在这项研究中,我们发现了一个非传统的FFAT基序,其中保守的酸性残基被丝氨酸/苏氨酸取代。我们发现,这种丝氨酸/苏氨酸的磷酸化是非常规FFAT基序(称为磷酸化FFAT)被MSP结构域识别的关键。此外,对MSP结构域单独或与常规多肽和磷酸化FFAT多肽的复合体的结构分析揭示了新的相互作用机制。基于这些新的见解,我们产生了一个新的预测算法,它扩展了候选蛋白质库中能够产生膜接触位点的磷酸化FFAT。利用由STARD3和VAP合成的一个典型的拴系复合体,我们证明了磷酸化有助于内质网-内体接触的形成,以及它们的甾醇转移功能。这项研究表明,磷酸化是细胞器间联系的一般开关。非常规FFAT基序的磷酸化促进ER-内吞体膜接触部位和甾醇交换。
Organelles are physically connected in membrane contact sites. The endoplasmic reticulum possesses three major receptors, VAP‐A, VAP‐B, and MOSPD2, which interact with proteins at the surface of other organelles to build contacts. VAP‐A, VAP‐B, and MOSPD2 contain an MSP domain, which binds a motif named FFAT (two phenylalanines in an acidic tract). In this study, we identified a non‐conventional FFAT motif where a conserved acidic residue is replaced by a serine/threonine. We show that phosphorylation of this serine/threonine is critical for non‐conventional FFAT motifs (named Phospho‐FFAT) to be recognized by the MSP domain. Moreover, structural analyses of the MSP domain alone or in complex with conventional and Phospho‐FFAT peptides revealed new mechanisms of interaction. Based on these new insights, we produced a novel prediction algorithm, which expands the repertoire of candidate proteins with a Phospho‐FFAT that are able to create membrane contact sites. Using a prototypical tethering complex made by STARD3 and VAP, we showed that phosphorylation is instrumental for the formation of ER‐endosome contacts, and their sterol transfer function. This study reveals that phosphorylation acts as a general switch for inter‐organelle contacts. Phosphorylation of a non‐conventional FFAT motif promotes ER‐endosome membrane contact sites and sterol exchange.
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