Intracellular tension sensor reveals mechanical anisotropy of the actin cytoskeleton.
Intracellular tension sensor reveals mechanical anisotropy of the actin cytoskeleton.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-023-43612-5
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发表时间：
2023-12-04
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Murrell, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amiri, Sorosh;Muresan, Camelia;Shang, Xingbo;Huet-Calderwood, Clotilde;Schwartz, Martin A.;Calderwood, David A.;Murrell, Michael
丝状肌动蛋白(F-肌动蛋白)细胞骨架是由皮质肌动蛋白和捆绑的F-肌动蛋白应力纤维组成的复合材料，它们共同调节细胞的力学行为，从细胞分裂到细胞迁移。然而，由于机械力通常是在传递到细胞外基质时测量的，因此细胞骨架内的力的内部分布是未知的。同样，不同的F-肌动蛋白结构对机械力的产生和传递的贡献也不清楚。因此，我们开发了一种嵌入到F-肌动蛋白细胞骨架中的分子张力传感器。使用这个传感器，我们测量应力纤维和皮质肌动蛋白内的张力，因为细胞受到单轴拉伸。我们发现，由FRET测量的机械响应取决于相对于细胞对齐轴施加的拉伸方向。当细胞平行于拉伸方向排列时，应力纤维和皮质肌动蛋白都会积累张力。相比之下，当应力纤维垂直于拉伸方向排列时，应力纤维松弛张力，而皮质积累张力，这表明细胞骨架内的机械各向异性。我们进一步表明，肌球蛋白抑制调节这种各向异性。因此，细胞的机械各向异性和不同的F-肌动蛋白结构之间的协调性随施加的载荷而变化。到目前为止，生物传感器大多报告了施加在细胞外基质或黏附受体内的外部牵引力。在这里，作者提出了一种传感器，它报告了F-肌动蛋白细胞骨架内的分子张力。
The filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton is a composite material consisting of cortical actin and bundled F-actin stress fibers, which together mediate the mechanical behaviors of the cell, from cell division to cell migration. However, as mechanical forces are typically measured upon transmission to the extracellular matrix, the internal distribution of forces within the cytoskeleton is unknown. Likewise, how distinct F-actin architectures contribute to the generation and transmission of mechanical forces is unclear. Therefore, we have developed a molecular tension sensor that embeds into the F-actin cytoskeleton. Using this sensor, we measure tension within stress fibers and cortical actin, as the cell is subject to uniaxial stretch. We find that the mechanical response, as measured by FRET, depends on the direction of applied stretch relative to the cell’s axis of alignment. When the cell is aligned parallel to the direction of the stretch, stress fibers and cortical actin both accumulate tension. By contrast, when aligned perpendicular to the direction of stretch, stress fibers relax tension while the cortex accumulates tension, indicating mechanical anisotropy within the cytoskeleton. We further show that myosin inhibition regulates this anisotropy. Thus, the mechanical anisotropy of the cell and the coordination between distinct F-actin architectures vary and depend upon applied load. Biosensors so far have mostly reported external traction forces exerted against the extracellular matrix or within adhesion receptors. Here, the authors present a sensor that reports molecular tension within the F-actin cytoskeleton.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Bauer A;Prechová M;Fischer L;Thievessen I;Gregor M;Fabry B
通讯作者：
Fabry B
组织伸长需要振荡基底肌球蛋白网络的收缩。
影响因子：
21.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
Montell, Denise J.
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Borghi, Nicolas
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bhadriraju, Kiran;Yang, Michael;Chen, Christopher S.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Biro，Mate;Romeo，Yves;Paluch，Ewa K.
通讯作者：
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